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Brief overview: Protective roles of astrocyte-derived pentraxin-3 in blood-brain barrier integrity

Stroke is one of the world's leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Greater understanding is required of the underlying relationships in ischemic brains in order to prevent stroke or to develop effective treatment. This review highlights new findings about the relationship of blood–brain ba...

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Autores principales: Bonsack, Brooke, Borlongan, Mia C., Lo, Eng H., Arai, Ken
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6785941/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31620663
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_37_19
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author Bonsack, Brooke
Borlongan, Mia C.
Lo, Eng H.
Arai, Ken
author_facet Bonsack, Brooke
Borlongan, Mia C.
Lo, Eng H.
Arai, Ken
author_sort Bonsack, Brooke
collection PubMed
description Stroke is one of the world's leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Greater understanding is required of the underlying relationships in ischemic brains in order to prevent stroke or to develop effective treatment. This review highlights new findings about the relationship of blood–brain barrier with astrocytes, pentraxin-3 (PTX3), and other factors expressed during or after ischemic stroke. These are discussed with respect to their ameliorative or deleterious effects. These effects are measured in vivo in animal models as well as in vitro in cell cultures. Evidence was found to suggest that astrocytes play a key role in stroke by expressing PTX3, which, in turn, enhances endothelial tightness, increases tight junction proteins, and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor. The role of astrocytes and PTX3 is examined in relation to hypoxic stress and conditioning as well as mitochondrial transfer. Astrocytes and PTX3 are placed in the context of brain circulation and related areas.
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spelling pubmed-67859412019-10-16 Brief overview: Protective roles of astrocyte-derived pentraxin-3 in blood-brain barrier integrity Bonsack, Brooke Borlongan, Mia C. Lo, Eng H. Arai, Ken Brain Circ Review Article Stroke is one of the world's leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Greater understanding is required of the underlying relationships in ischemic brains in order to prevent stroke or to develop effective treatment. This review highlights new findings about the relationship of blood–brain barrier with astrocytes, pentraxin-3 (PTX3), and other factors expressed during or after ischemic stroke. These are discussed with respect to their ameliorative or deleterious effects. These effects are measured in vivo in animal models as well as in vitro in cell cultures. Evidence was found to suggest that astrocytes play a key role in stroke by expressing PTX3, which, in turn, enhances endothelial tightness, increases tight junction proteins, and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor. The role of astrocytes and PTX3 is examined in relation to hypoxic stress and conditioning as well as mitochondrial transfer. Astrocytes and PTX3 are placed in the context of brain circulation and related areas. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2019-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6785941/ /pubmed/31620663 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_37_19 Text en Copyright: © 2019 Brain Circulation http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Review Article
Bonsack, Brooke
Borlongan, Mia C.
Lo, Eng H.
Arai, Ken
Brief overview: Protective roles of astrocyte-derived pentraxin-3 in blood-brain barrier integrity
title Brief overview: Protective roles of astrocyte-derived pentraxin-3 in blood-brain barrier integrity
title_full Brief overview: Protective roles of astrocyte-derived pentraxin-3 in blood-brain barrier integrity
title_fullStr Brief overview: Protective roles of astrocyte-derived pentraxin-3 in blood-brain barrier integrity
title_full_unstemmed Brief overview: Protective roles of astrocyte-derived pentraxin-3 in blood-brain barrier integrity
title_short Brief overview: Protective roles of astrocyte-derived pentraxin-3 in blood-brain barrier integrity
title_sort brief overview: protective roles of astrocyte-derived pentraxin-3 in blood-brain barrier integrity
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6785941/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31620663
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/bc.bc_37_19
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