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In Vitro Activity of Statins against Naegleria fowleri

Naegleria fowleri causes a deadly disease called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Even though PAM is still considered a rare disease, the number of reported cases worldwide has been increasing each year. Among the factors to be considered for this, awareness about this disease, and also gl...

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Autores principales: Rizo-Liendo, Aitor, Sifaoui, Ines, Reyes-Batlle, María, Chiboub, Olfa, Rodríguez-Expósito, Rubén L., Bethencourt-Estrella, Carlos J., San Nicolás-Hernández, Desirée, Hendiger, Edyta B., López-Arencibia, Atteneri, Rocha-Cabrera, Pedro, Piñero, José E., Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6789626/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31398829
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8030122
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author Rizo-Liendo, Aitor
Sifaoui, Ines
Reyes-Batlle, María
Chiboub, Olfa
Rodríguez-Expósito, Rubén L.
Bethencourt-Estrella, Carlos J.
San Nicolás-Hernández, Desirée
Hendiger, Edyta B.
López-Arencibia, Atteneri
Rocha-Cabrera, Pedro
Piñero, José E.
Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob
author_facet Rizo-Liendo, Aitor
Sifaoui, Ines
Reyes-Batlle, María
Chiboub, Olfa
Rodríguez-Expósito, Rubén L.
Bethencourt-Estrella, Carlos J.
San Nicolás-Hernández, Desirée
Hendiger, Edyta B.
López-Arencibia, Atteneri
Rocha-Cabrera, Pedro
Piñero, José E.
Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob
author_sort Rizo-Liendo, Aitor
collection PubMed
description Naegleria fowleri causes a deadly disease called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Even though PAM is still considered a rare disease, the number of reported cases worldwide has been increasing each year. Among the factors to be considered for this, awareness about this disease, and also global warming, as these amoebae thrive in warm water bodies, seem to be the key factors. Until present, no fully effective drugs have been developed to treat PAM, and the current options are amphotericin B and miltefosine, which present side effects such as liver and kidney toxicity. Statins are able to inhibit the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which is a key enzyme for the synthesis of ergosterol of the cell membrane of these amoebae. Therefore, the in vitro activity of a group of statins was tested in this study against two types of strains of Naegleria fowleri. The obtained results showed that fluvastatin was the most effective statin tested in this study and was able to eliminate these amoebae at concentrations of 0.179 ± 0.078 to 1.682 ± 0.775 µM depending on the tested strain of N. fowleri. Therefore, fluvastatin could be a potential novel therapeutic agent against this emerging pathogen.
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spelling pubmed-67896262019-10-16 In Vitro Activity of Statins against Naegleria fowleri Rizo-Liendo, Aitor Sifaoui, Ines Reyes-Batlle, María Chiboub, Olfa Rodríguez-Expósito, Rubén L. Bethencourt-Estrella, Carlos J. San Nicolás-Hernández, Desirée Hendiger, Edyta B. López-Arencibia, Atteneri Rocha-Cabrera, Pedro Piñero, José E. Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob Pathogens Article Naegleria fowleri causes a deadly disease called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Even though PAM is still considered a rare disease, the number of reported cases worldwide has been increasing each year. Among the factors to be considered for this, awareness about this disease, and also global warming, as these amoebae thrive in warm water bodies, seem to be the key factors. Until present, no fully effective drugs have been developed to treat PAM, and the current options are amphotericin B and miltefosine, which present side effects such as liver and kidney toxicity. Statins are able to inhibit the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which is a key enzyme for the synthesis of ergosterol of the cell membrane of these amoebae. Therefore, the in vitro activity of a group of statins was tested in this study against two types of strains of Naegleria fowleri. The obtained results showed that fluvastatin was the most effective statin tested in this study and was able to eliminate these amoebae at concentrations of 0.179 ± 0.078 to 1.682 ± 0.775 µM depending on the tested strain of N. fowleri. Therefore, fluvastatin could be a potential novel therapeutic agent against this emerging pathogen. MDPI 2019-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6789626/ /pubmed/31398829 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8030122 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rizo-Liendo, Aitor
Sifaoui, Ines
Reyes-Batlle, María
Chiboub, Olfa
Rodríguez-Expósito, Rubén L.
Bethencourt-Estrella, Carlos J.
San Nicolás-Hernández, Desirée
Hendiger, Edyta B.
López-Arencibia, Atteneri
Rocha-Cabrera, Pedro
Piñero, José E.
Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob
In Vitro Activity of Statins against Naegleria fowleri
title In Vitro Activity of Statins against Naegleria fowleri
title_full In Vitro Activity of Statins against Naegleria fowleri
title_fullStr In Vitro Activity of Statins against Naegleria fowleri
title_full_unstemmed In Vitro Activity of Statins against Naegleria fowleri
title_short In Vitro Activity of Statins against Naegleria fowleri
title_sort in vitro activity of statins against naegleria fowleri
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6789626/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31398829
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8030122
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