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Risk Factors for Zoonotic Tuberculosis at the Wildlife–Livestock–Human Interface in South Africa

A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with zoonotic tuberculosis in humans and its transmission to people living at the wildlife–livestock–human interface. A questionnaire was administered to collect information on food consumption habits, food handling pra...

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Autores principales: Sichewo, Petronillah R., Michel, Anita L., Musoke, Jolly, Etter, Eric M.C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6789844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31337117
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8030101
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author Sichewo, Petronillah R.
Michel, Anita L.
Musoke, Jolly
Etter, Eric M.C.
author_facet Sichewo, Petronillah R.
Michel, Anita L.
Musoke, Jolly
Etter, Eric M.C.
author_sort Sichewo, Petronillah R.
collection PubMed
description A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with zoonotic tuberculosis in humans and its transmission to people living at the wildlife–livestock–human interface. A questionnaire was administered to collect information on food consumption habits, food handling practices, and knowledge of zoonotic TB. Sputum samples were also collected from 150 individuals that belonged to households of cattle farmers with or without a bTB infected herd. In addition, 30 milk samples and 99 nasal swabs were randomly collected from cattle in bTB infected herds for isolation of Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). The sputum samples were screened for TB using the GeneXpert test and this was followed by mycobacterial culture and speciation using molecular techniques. No M. bovis was isolated from TB positive sputum samples and only one sample was confirmed as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). M. bovis was isolated from 6.6% (n = 2/30) milk samples and 9% (n = 9/99) of nasal swabs. Ownership of a bTB infected herd and consumption of milk were recognized as highly significant risk factors associated with a history of TB in the household using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and logistic regression. The findings from this study have confirmed the potential for zoonotic TB transmission via both unpasteurized milk and aerosol thus, the role of M. bovis in human TB remains a concern for vulnerable communities.
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spelling pubmed-67898442019-10-16 Risk Factors for Zoonotic Tuberculosis at the Wildlife–Livestock–Human Interface in South Africa Sichewo, Petronillah R. Michel, Anita L. Musoke, Jolly Etter, Eric M.C. Pathogens Article A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with zoonotic tuberculosis in humans and its transmission to people living at the wildlife–livestock–human interface. A questionnaire was administered to collect information on food consumption habits, food handling practices, and knowledge of zoonotic TB. Sputum samples were also collected from 150 individuals that belonged to households of cattle farmers with or without a bTB infected herd. In addition, 30 milk samples and 99 nasal swabs were randomly collected from cattle in bTB infected herds for isolation of Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). The sputum samples were screened for TB using the GeneXpert test and this was followed by mycobacterial culture and speciation using molecular techniques. No M. bovis was isolated from TB positive sputum samples and only one sample was confirmed as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). M. bovis was isolated from 6.6% (n = 2/30) milk samples and 9% (n = 9/99) of nasal swabs. Ownership of a bTB infected herd and consumption of milk were recognized as highly significant risk factors associated with a history of TB in the household using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and logistic regression. The findings from this study have confirmed the potential for zoonotic TB transmission via both unpasteurized milk and aerosol thus, the role of M. bovis in human TB remains a concern for vulnerable communities. MDPI 2019-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6789844/ /pubmed/31337117 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8030101 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sichewo, Petronillah R.
Michel, Anita L.
Musoke, Jolly
Etter, Eric M.C.
Risk Factors for Zoonotic Tuberculosis at the Wildlife–Livestock–Human Interface in South Africa
title Risk Factors for Zoonotic Tuberculosis at the Wildlife–Livestock–Human Interface in South Africa
title_full Risk Factors for Zoonotic Tuberculosis at the Wildlife–Livestock–Human Interface in South Africa
title_fullStr Risk Factors for Zoonotic Tuberculosis at the Wildlife–Livestock–Human Interface in South Africa
title_full_unstemmed Risk Factors for Zoonotic Tuberculosis at the Wildlife–Livestock–Human Interface in South Africa
title_short Risk Factors for Zoonotic Tuberculosis at the Wildlife–Livestock–Human Interface in South Africa
title_sort risk factors for zoonotic tuberculosis at the wildlife–livestock–human interface in south africa
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6789844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31337117
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8030101
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