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Pregnancy-Related Immune Changes and Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system comprise a heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders characterized by myelin loss with relative sparing of axons occurring on a background of inflammation. Some of the most common demyelinating diseases are multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated...

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Autores principales: Qiu, Ke, He, Qiang, Chen, Xiqian, Liu, Hui, Deng, Shuwen, Lu, Wei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6794637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31649614
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.01070
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author Qiu, Ke
He, Qiang
Chen, Xiqian
Liu, Hui
Deng, Shuwen
Lu, Wei
author_facet Qiu, Ke
He, Qiang
Chen, Xiqian
Liu, Hui
Deng, Shuwen
Lu, Wei
author_sort Qiu, Ke
collection PubMed
description Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system comprise a heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders characterized by myelin loss with relative sparing of axons occurring on a background of inflammation. Some of the most common demyelinating diseases are multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Besides showing clinical, radiological, and histopathological features that complicate their diagnosis, demyelinating diseases often involve different immunological processes that produce distinct inflammatory patterns. Evidence of demyelination diseases derives mostly from animal studies of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model that relies on direct antibody–antigen interactions induced by encephalitogenic T cells. Pregnancy is characterized by non-self-recognition, immunomodulatory changes and an altered Th1/Th2 balance, generally considered a Th2-type immunological state that protects the mother from infections. During pregnancy, the immune response of patients with autoimmune disease complicated with pregnancy is different. Immune tolerance in pregnancy may affect the course of some diseases, which may reach remission or be exacerbated. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the immune status during pregnancy and discuss the relationship between pregnancy-related immune changes and demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system.
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spelling pubmed-67946372019-10-24 Pregnancy-Related Immune Changes and Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System Qiu, Ke He, Qiang Chen, Xiqian Liu, Hui Deng, Shuwen Lu, Wei Front Neurol Neurology Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system comprise a heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders characterized by myelin loss with relative sparing of axons occurring on a background of inflammation. Some of the most common demyelinating diseases are multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Besides showing clinical, radiological, and histopathological features that complicate their diagnosis, demyelinating diseases often involve different immunological processes that produce distinct inflammatory patterns. Evidence of demyelination diseases derives mostly from animal studies of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model that relies on direct antibody–antigen interactions induced by encephalitogenic T cells. Pregnancy is characterized by non-self-recognition, immunomodulatory changes and an altered Th1/Th2 balance, generally considered a Th2-type immunological state that protects the mother from infections. During pregnancy, the immune response of patients with autoimmune disease complicated with pregnancy is different. Immune tolerance in pregnancy may affect the course of some diseases, which may reach remission or be exacerbated. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the immune status during pregnancy and discuss the relationship between pregnancy-related immune changes and demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6794637/ /pubmed/31649614 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.01070 Text en Copyright © 2019 Qiu, He, Chen, Liu, Deng and Lu. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neurology
Qiu, Ke
He, Qiang
Chen, Xiqian
Liu, Hui
Deng, Shuwen
Lu, Wei
Pregnancy-Related Immune Changes and Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System
title Pregnancy-Related Immune Changes and Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System
title_full Pregnancy-Related Immune Changes and Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System
title_fullStr Pregnancy-Related Immune Changes and Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System
title_full_unstemmed Pregnancy-Related Immune Changes and Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System
title_short Pregnancy-Related Immune Changes and Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System
title_sort pregnancy-related immune changes and demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system
topic Neurology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6794637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31649614
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.01070
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