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Dynamic turnover of centromeres drives karyotype evolution in Drosophila
Centromeres are the basic unit for chromosome inheritance, but their evolutionary dynamics is poorly understood. We generate high-quality reference genomes for multiple Drosophila obscura group species to reconstruct karyotype evolution. All chromosomes in this lineage were ancestrally telocentric a...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6795482/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31524597 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.49002 |
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author | Bracewell, Ryan Chatla, Kamalakar Nalley, Matthew J Bachtrog, Doris |
author_facet | Bracewell, Ryan Chatla, Kamalakar Nalley, Matthew J Bachtrog, Doris |
author_sort | Bracewell, Ryan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Centromeres are the basic unit for chromosome inheritance, but their evolutionary dynamics is poorly understood. We generate high-quality reference genomes for multiple Drosophila obscura group species to reconstruct karyotype evolution. All chromosomes in this lineage were ancestrally telocentric and the creation of metacentric chromosomes in some species was driven by de novo seeding of new centromeres at ancestrally gene-rich regions, independently of chromosomal rearrangements. The emergence of centromeres resulted in a drastic size increase due to repeat accumulation, and dozens of genes previously located in euchromatin are now embedded in pericentromeric heterochromatin. Metacentric chromosomes secondarily became telocentric in the pseudoobscura subgroup through centromere repositioning and a pericentric inversion. The former (peri)centric sequences left behind shrunk dramatically in size after their inactivation, yet contain remnants of their evolutionary past, including increased repeat-content and heterochromatic environment. Centromere movements are accompanied by rapid turnover of the major satellite DNA detected in (peri)centromeric regions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6795482 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67954822019-10-17 Dynamic turnover of centromeres drives karyotype evolution in Drosophila Bracewell, Ryan Chatla, Kamalakar Nalley, Matthew J Bachtrog, Doris eLife Chromosomes and Gene Expression Centromeres are the basic unit for chromosome inheritance, but their evolutionary dynamics is poorly understood. We generate high-quality reference genomes for multiple Drosophila obscura group species to reconstruct karyotype evolution. All chromosomes in this lineage were ancestrally telocentric and the creation of metacentric chromosomes in some species was driven by de novo seeding of new centromeres at ancestrally gene-rich regions, independently of chromosomal rearrangements. The emergence of centromeres resulted in a drastic size increase due to repeat accumulation, and dozens of genes previously located in euchromatin are now embedded in pericentromeric heterochromatin. Metacentric chromosomes secondarily became telocentric in the pseudoobscura subgroup through centromere repositioning and a pericentric inversion. The former (peri)centric sequences left behind shrunk dramatically in size after their inactivation, yet contain remnants of their evolutionary past, including increased repeat-content and heterochromatic environment. Centromere movements are accompanied by rapid turnover of the major satellite DNA detected in (peri)centromeric regions. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2019-09-16 /pmc/articles/PMC6795482/ /pubmed/31524597 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.49002 Text en © 2019, Bracewell et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Chromosomes and Gene Expression Bracewell, Ryan Chatla, Kamalakar Nalley, Matthew J Bachtrog, Doris Dynamic turnover of centromeres drives karyotype evolution in Drosophila |
title | Dynamic turnover of centromeres drives karyotype evolution in Drosophila |
title_full | Dynamic turnover of centromeres drives karyotype evolution in Drosophila |
title_fullStr | Dynamic turnover of centromeres drives karyotype evolution in Drosophila |
title_full_unstemmed | Dynamic turnover of centromeres drives karyotype evolution in Drosophila |
title_short | Dynamic turnover of centromeres drives karyotype evolution in Drosophila |
title_sort | dynamic turnover of centromeres drives karyotype evolution in drosophila |
topic | Chromosomes and Gene Expression |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6795482/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31524597 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.49002 |
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