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Facile Amine Termination of Nanodiamond Particles and Their Surface Reaction Dynamics

[Image: see text] Nanodiamond synthesized by the detonation method is a composite of sp(3)/sp(2) carbon structures; amorphous and disordered-sp(2) carbons populate the surface of a sp(3) diamond core lattice. Because of the production process, various elemental impurities such as N, O, H, and so for...

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Autores principales: Ashek-I-Ahmed, Gines, Laia, Mandal, Soumen, Song, Chang-You, Williams, Oliver A., Sarmiento, Micahella N., Cheng, Chia-Liang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2019
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6796907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31646216
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b00776
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author Ashek-I-Ahmed,
Gines, Laia
Mandal, Soumen
Song, Chang-You
Williams, Oliver A.
Sarmiento, Micahella N.
Cheng, Chia-Liang
author_facet Ashek-I-Ahmed,
Gines, Laia
Mandal, Soumen
Song, Chang-You
Williams, Oliver A.
Sarmiento, Micahella N.
Cheng, Chia-Liang
author_sort Ashek-I-Ahmed,
collection PubMed
description [Image: see text] Nanodiamond synthesized by the detonation method is a composite of sp(3)/sp(2) carbon structures; amorphous and disordered-sp(2) carbons populate the surface of a sp(3) diamond core lattice. Because of the production process, various elemental impurities such as N, O, H, and so forth are inherent in interstitial sites or the surface carbon (sp(2)/amorphous) network. Herein, the reaction dynamics on the surface of ultradisperse diamond (UDD) due to the surface transformation or reconstruction during annealing in vacuum with temperatures ranging from ambient to 800 °C is described. In situ measurement of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis shows that low-temperature (<500 °C) annealing of UDD in vacuum results in isonitrile/isocyanide (−N=C:) and nitrile functionalization (−C≡N) on the surface. At temperatures ∼500 °C, the surface hydrogenation of UDD is initiated. During annealing at 780–800 °C, the nitrile group (−C≡N) is reduced to the primary amine (NH(2)), and isonitrile (−N=C:) turns it to be in the saturated ([Image: see text]) structure. On exposure to air, the obtained isonitrile is transformed to an N-formyl derivative (Aryl/R–NH–CHO) structure via hydrolysis. This study provides a fundamental insight into the surface reactive profile of UDD which could lead to facile surface functionalization properties and their applications in various fields such as biomedical, biosensing, drug delivery, epoxy materials process, tribology, and possibly in cyano (−C≡N/–N=C:) chemistry.
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spelling pubmed-67969072019-10-23 Facile Amine Termination of Nanodiamond Particles and Their Surface Reaction Dynamics Ashek-I-Ahmed, Gines, Laia Mandal, Soumen Song, Chang-You Williams, Oliver A. Sarmiento, Micahella N. Cheng, Chia-Liang ACS Omega [Image: see text] Nanodiamond synthesized by the detonation method is a composite of sp(3)/sp(2) carbon structures; amorphous and disordered-sp(2) carbons populate the surface of a sp(3) diamond core lattice. Because of the production process, various elemental impurities such as N, O, H, and so forth are inherent in interstitial sites or the surface carbon (sp(2)/amorphous) network. Herein, the reaction dynamics on the surface of ultradisperse diamond (UDD) due to the surface transformation or reconstruction during annealing in vacuum with temperatures ranging from ambient to 800 °C is described. In situ measurement of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis shows that low-temperature (<500 °C) annealing of UDD in vacuum results in isonitrile/isocyanide (−N=C:) and nitrile functionalization (−C≡N) on the surface. At temperatures ∼500 °C, the surface hydrogenation of UDD is initiated. During annealing at 780–800 °C, the nitrile group (−C≡N) is reduced to the primary amine (NH(2)), and isonitrile (−N=C:) turns it to be in the saturated ([Image: see text]) structure. On exposure to air, the obtained isonitrile is transformed to an N-formyl derivative (Aryl/R–NH–CHO) structure via hydrolysis. This study provides a fundamental insight into the surface reactive profile of UDD which could lead to facile surface functionalization properties and their applications in various fields such as biomedical, biosensing, drug delivery, epoxy materials process, tribology, and possibly in cyano (−C≡N/–N=C:) chemistry. American Chemical Society 2019-10-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6796907/ /pubmed/31646216 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b00776 Text en Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License (http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice_ccby_termsofuse.html) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited.
spellingShingle Ashek-I-Ahmed,
Gines, Laia
Mandal, Soumen
Song, Chang-You
Williams, Oliver A.
Sarmiento, Micahella N.
Cheng, Chia-Liang
Facile Amine Termination of Nanodiamond Particles and Their Surface Reaction Dynamics
title Facile Amine Termination of Nanodiamond Particles and Their Surface Reaction Dynamics
title_full Facile Amine Termination of Nanodiamond Particles and Their Surface Reaction Dynamics
title_fullStr Facile Amine Termination of Nanodiamond Particles and Their Surface Reaction Dynamics
title_full_unstemmed Facile Amine Termination of Nanodiamond Particles and Their Surface Reaction Dynamics
title_short Facile Amine Termination of Nanodiamond Particles and Their Surface Reaction Dynamics
title_sort facile amine termination of nanodiamond particles and their surface reaction dynamics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6796907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31646216
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b00776
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