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Speed of processing training and depression in assisted and independent living: A randomized controlled trial

Late life depression is widely associated with lower quality of life and greater disability, making it an important target for prevention. Earlier randomized controlled trials [RCTs] demonstrated that speed of processing training [SOPT] led to reductions in depressive symptoms and clinical depressio...

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Autores principales: Smith, Marianne, Jones, Michael P., Dotson, Megan M., Wolinsky, Fredric D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6797094/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31622386
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223841
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author Smith, Marianne
Jones, Michael P.
Dotson, Megan M.
Wolinsky, Fredric D.
author_facet Smith, Marianne
Jones, Michael P.
Dotson, Megan M.
Wolinsky, Fredric D.
author_sort Smith, Marianne
collection PubMed
description Late life depression is widely associated with lower quality of life and greater disability, making it an important target for prevention. Earlier randomized controlled trials [RCTs] demonstrated that speed of processing training [SOPT] led to reductions in depressive symptoms and clinical depression in community-dwelling adults. Our purpose was to evaluate depression outcomes related to SOPT among older adults who live in supported senior living settings. This two-arm, parallel RCT included 351 participants aged 55–102 years who resided in assisted and independent settings in 31 senior living communities. Participants were randomized within sites to computerized SOPT vs. computerized crossword puzzles with a targeted dose of 10 hours of playtime at baseline plus 4 hours of booster training at five and eleven months. Depression outcomes included the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] scores, categorical levels, and dichotomous indicators. Random effects linear mixed effect models estimated SOPT effects in intention-to-treat complete case and multiple imputation analyses. Mean age of the sample was 81.0 years, 72.2% were women, and 41.0% resided in assisted living. At baseline 65.7% had no depression [PHQ-9 scores < 5] and 6.6% had clinically meaningful depression [PHQ-9 scores ≥ 10]. At 12 months we found significantly increased PHQ-9 scores [p = 0.006] and categorical levels [p = 0.003], and higher percentages of PHQ-2 scores > 3 [p = 0.016] and major depressive syndrome [p = 0.045] among the assisted living SOPT group. No significant change in depression was observed in the independent living SOPT or attention control groups. In summary, the SOPT known as Road Tour/Double Decision significantly increased, rather than decreased, the burden of depressive symptoms among participants residing in assisted living. Given these risks, this SOPT program should be avoided among older people in assisted living settings, and other SOPT interventions should be combined with systematic depression monitoring.
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spelling pubmed-67970942019-10-20 Speed of processing training and depression in assisted and independent living: A randomized controlled trial Smith, Marianne Jones, Michael P. Dotson, Megan M. Wolinsky, Fredric D. PLoS One Research Article Late life depression is widely associated with lower quality of life and greater disability, making it an important target for prevention. Earlier randomized controlled trials [RCTs] demonstrated that speed of processing training [SOPT] led to reductions in depressive symptoms and clinical depression in community-dwelling adults. Our purpose was to evaluate depression outcomes related to SOPT among older adults who live in supported senior living settings. This two-arm, parallel RCT included 351 participants aged 55–102 years who resided in assisted and independent settings in 31 senior living communities. Participants were randomized within sites to computerized SOPT vs. computerized crossword puzzles with a targeted dose of 10 hours of playtime at baseline plus 4 hours of booster training at five and eleven months. Depression outcomes included the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] scores, categorical levels, and dichotomous indicators. Random effects linear mixed effect models estimated SOPT effects in intention-to-treat complete case and multiple imputation analyses. Mean age of the sample was 81.0 years, 72.2% were women, and 41.0% resided in assisted living. At baseline 65.7% had no depression [PHQ-9 scores < 5] and 6.6% had clinically meaningful depression [PHQ-9 scores ≥ 10]. At 12 months we found significantly increased PHQ-9 scores [p = 0.006] and categorical levels [p = 0.003], and higher percentages of PHQ-2 scores > 3 [p = 0.016] and major depressive syndrome [p = 0.045] among the assisted living SOPT group. No significant change in depression was observed in the independent living SOPT or attention control groups. In summary, the SOPT known as Road Tour/Double Decision significantly increased, rather than decreased, the burden of depressive symptoms among participants residing in assisted living. Given these risks, this SOPT program should be avoided among older people in assisted living settings, and other SOPT interventions should be combined with systematic depression monitoring. Public Library of Science 2019-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6797094/ /pubmed/31622386 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223841 Text en © 2019 Smith et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Smith, Marianne
Jones, Michael P.
Dotson, Megan M.
Wolinsky, Fredric D.
Speed of processing training and depression in assisted and independent living: A randomized controlled trial
title Speed of processing training and depression in assisted and independent living: A randomized controlled trial
title_full Speed of processing training and depression in assisted and independent living: A randomized controlled trial
title_fullStr Speed of processing training and depression in assisted and independent living: A randomized controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed Speed of processing training and depression in assisted and independent living: A randomized controlled trial
title_short Speed of processing training and depression in assisted and independent living: A randomized controlled trial
title_sort speed of processing training and depression in assisted and independent living: a randomized controlled trial
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6797094/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31622386
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223841
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