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Control of RNA viruses in mosquito cells through the acquisition of vDNA and endogenous viral elements
Aedes aegypti transmit pathogenic arboviruses while the mosquito itself tolerates the infection. We examine a piRNA-based immunity that relies on the acquisition of viral derived cDNA (vDNA) and how this pathway discriminates between self and non-self. The piRNAs derived from these vDNAs are essenti...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6797480/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31621580 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.41244 |
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author | Tassetto, Michel Kunitomi, Mark Whitfield, Zachary J Dolan, Patrick T Sánchez-Vargas, Irma Garcia-Knight, Miguel Ribiero, Isabel Chen, Taotao Olson, Ken E Andino, Raul |
author_facet | Tassetto, Michel Kunitomi, Mark Whitfield, Zachary J Dolan, Patrick T Sánchez-Vargas, Irma Garcia-Knight, Miguel Ribiero, Isabel Chen, Taotao Olson, Ken E Andino, Raul |
author_sort | Tassetto, Michel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Aedes aegypti transmit pathogenic arboviruses while the mosquito itself tolerates the infection. We examine a piRNA-based immunity that relies on the acquisition of viral derived cDNA (vDNA) and how this pathway discriminates between self and non-self. The piRNAs derived from these vDNAs are essential for virus control and Piwi4 has a central role in the pathway. Piwi4 binds preferentially to virus-derived piRNAs but not to transposon-targeting piRNAs. Analysis of episomal vDNA from infected cells reveals that vDNA molecules are acquired through a discriminatory process of reverse-transcription and recombination directed by endogenous retrotransposons. Using a high-resolution Ae. aegypti genomic sequence, we found that vDNAs integrated in the host genome as endogenous viral elements (EVEs), produce antisense piRNAs that are preferentially loaded onto Piwi4. Importantly, EVE-derived piRNAs are specifically loaded onto Piwi4 to inhibit virus replication. Thus, Ae. aegypti employs a sophisticated antiviral mechanism that promotes viral persistence and generates long-lasting adaptive immunity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6797480 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67974802019-10-21 Control of RNA viruses in mosquito cells through the acquisition of vDNA and endogenous viral elements Tassetto, Michel Kunitomi, Mark Whitfield, Zachary J Dolan, Patrick T Sánchez-Vargas, Irma Garcia-Knight, Miguel Ribiero, Isabel Chen, Taotao Olson, Ken E Andino, Raul eLife Immunology and Inflammation Aedes aegypti transmit pathogenic arboviruses while the mosquito itself tolerates the infection. We examine a piRNA-based immunity that relies on the acquisition of viral derived cDNA (vDNA) and how this pathway discriminates between self and non-self. The piRNAs derived from these vDNAs are essential for virus control and Piwi4 has a central role in the pathway. Piwi4 binds preferentially to virus-derived piRNAs but not to transposon-targeting piRNAs. Analysis of episomal vDNA from infected cells reveals that vDNA molecules are acquired through a discriminatory process of reverse-transcription and recombination directed by endogenous retrotransposons. Using a high-resolution Ae. aegypti genomic sequence, we found that vDNAs integrated in the host genome as endogenous viral elements (EVEs), produce antisense piRNAs that are preferentially loaded onto Piwi4. Importantly, EVE-derived piRNAs are specifically loaded onto Piwi4 to inhibit virus replication. Thus, Ae. aegypti employs a sophisticated antiviral mechanism that promotes viral persistence and generates long-lasting adaptive immunity. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2019-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6797480/ /pubmed/31621580 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.41244 Text en © 2019, Tassetto et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Immunology and Inflammation Tassetto, Michel Kunitomi, Mark Whitfield, Zachary J Dolan, Patrick T Sánchez-Vargas, Irma Garcia-Knight, Miguel Ribiero, Isabel Chen, Taotao Olson, Ken E Andino, Raul Control of RNA viruses in mosquito cells through the acquisition of vDNA and endogenous viral elements |
title | Control of RNA viruses in mosquito cells through the acquisition of vDNA and endogenous viral elements |
title_full | Control of RNA viruses in mosquito cells through the acquisition of vDNA and endogenous viral elements |
title_fullStr | Control of RNA viruses in mosquito cells through the acquisition of vDNA and endogenous viral elements |
title_full_unstemmed | Control of RNA viruses in mosquito cells through the acquisition of vDNA and endogenous viral elements |
title_short | Control of RNA viruses in mosquito cells through the acquisition of vDNA and endogenous viral elements |
title_sort | control of rna viruses in mosquito cells through the acquisition of vdna and endogenous viral elements |
topic | Immunology and Inflammation |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6797480/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31621580 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.41244 |
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