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High helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern Ethiopia
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis and parasitosis are the widely distributed diseases in Ethiopia with the leading cause of mortality and morbidity, respectively. There has been no information on the status of co-infections of tuberculosis and parasitosis in Oromia Zone of Amhara Region and South Wollo, Ethi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6798427/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31623676 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-019-0600-2 |
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author | Gashaw, Fikru Bekele, Samuel Mekonnen, Yalemtsehay Medhin, Girmay Ameni, Gobena Erko, Berhanu |
author_facet | Gashaw, Fikru Bekele, Samuel Mekonnen, Yalemtsehay Medhin, Girmay Ameni, Gobena Erko, Berhanu |
author_sort | Gashaw, Fikru |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis and parasitosis are the widely distributed diseases in Ethiopia with the leading cause of mortality and morbidity, respectively. There has been no information on the status of co-infections of tuberculosis and parasitosis in Oromia Zone of Amhara Region and South Wollo, Ethiopia. Hence, this study primarily focuses on determining the status of tuberculosis and parasitosis co-infections and associated factors. METHODS: The study was conducted in Oromia Special Zone of the Amhara Regional State and South Wollo Zone, northeastern Ethiopia from April 2015 to January 2017. Tuberculosis cases confirmed by health personnel at the health institutions were the source of the study sample. In a cross-sectional study 384 smear positive pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases were recruited. Faecal specimens provided by the study participants were examined for parasitic co-infections using direct saline microscopic test, Kato-Katz and concentration techniques. Nutritional status was determined using body mass index and mid-upper arm circumferences. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods and Pearson chi-square. RESULTS: Tuberculosis and parasitosis co-infection prevalence was 10.8%, and the proportion of intestinal helminths accounted for 9.7% while intestinal protozoa accounted for 1.9%. Cases with single parasitic infection was 89.3% among co-infected individuals. Co-infection of both disease was not significantly associated with gender and age (P > 0.05). The prevalence of undernutrition was 58.6% as determined using body mass index and 73.0% as determined using mid-upper arm circumference with no significant association with gender. Among all forms of tuberculosis cases (384) screened for the study, the bacterial positivity was relatively more common in males (55.5%) than females (44.5%). Tuberculosis lymphadenitis was found to be the most prevalent (85.9%) form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis with cervical adenopathy (75.3%) being the commonly existing disease. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of helminthic co-infection is predominantly high than that of intestinal protozoa. Single parasitic co-infection was more common than double or multiple co-infections. Both body mass index and mid-upper arm circumference anthropometric parameters revealed greater risk of undernutrition in tuberculosis patients. Thus, screening and prompt treatment of parasites in tuberculosis patients and a support of nutritional supplementation for malnourished tuberculosis patients should be further studied which might enhance the disease treatment and minimize the risk of its complexity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6798427 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-67984272019-10-21 High helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern Ethiopia Gashaw, Fikru Bekele, Samuel Mekonnen, Yalemtsehay Medhin, Girmay Ameni, Gobena Erko, Berhanu Infect Dis Poverty Research Article BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis and parasitosis are the widely distributed diseases in Ethiopia with the leading cause of mortality and morbidity, respectively. There has been no information on the status of co-infections of tuberculosis and parasitosis in Oromia Zone of Amhara Region and South Wollo, Ethiopia. Hence, this study primarily focuses on determining the status of tuberculosis and parasitosis co-infections and associated factors. METHODS: The study was conducted in Oromia Special Zone of the Amhara Regional State and South Wollo Zone, northeastern Ethiopia from April 2015 to January 2017. Tuberculosis cases confirmed by health personnel at the health institutions were the source of the study sample. In a cross-sectional study 384 smear positive pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases were recruited. Faecal specimens provided by the study participants were examined for parasitic co-infections using direct saline microscopic test, Kato-Katz and concentration techniques. Nutritional status was determined using body mass index and mid-upper arm circumferences. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods and Pearson chi-square. RESULTS: Tuberculosis and parasitosis co-infection prevalence was 10.8%, and the proportion of intestinal helminths accounted for 9.7% while intestinal protozoa accounted for 1.9%. Cases with single parasitic infection was 89.3% among co-infected individuals. Co-infection of both disease was not significantly associated with gender and age (P > 0.05). The prevalence of undernutrition was 58.6% as determined using body mass index and 73.0% as determined using mid-upper arm circumference with no significant association with gender. Among all forms of tuberculosis cases (384) screened for the study, the bacterial positivity was relatively more common in males (55.5%) than females (44.5%). Tuberculosis lymphadenitis was found to be the most prevalent (85.9%) form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis with cervical adenopathy (75.3%) being the commonly existing disease. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of helminthic co-infection is predominantly high than that of intestinal protozoa. Single parasitic co-infection was more common than double or multiple co-infections. Both body mass index and mid-upper arm circumference anthropometric parameters revealed greater risk of undernutrition in tuberculosis patients. Thus, screening and prompt treatment of parasites in tuberculosis patients and a support of nutritional supplementation for malnourished tuberculosis patients should be further studied which might enhance the disease treatment and minimize the risk of its complexity. BioMed Central 2019-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6798427/ /pubmed/31623676 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-019-0600-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Gashaw, Fikru Bekele, Samuel Mekonnen, Yalemtsehay Medhin, Girmay Ameni, Gobena Erko, Berhanu High helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern Ethiopia |
title | High helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern Ethiopia |
title_full | High helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern Ethiopia |
title_fullStr | High helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern Ethiopia |
title_full_unstemmed | High helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern Ethiopia |
title_short | High helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern Ethiopia |
title_sort | high helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern ethiopia |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6798427/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31623676 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-019-0600-2 |
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