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Income Volatility and Depressive Symptoms among Elderly Koreans
This study examines the relationship between volatile income and depression, and moderating effects of living arrangements among older adults in South Korea. Using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, we studied 4123 adults aged 60 or older. Income volatility was defined as the variance of logged...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6801608/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31557823 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193580 |
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author | Kim, Sujin Subramanian, S.V. |
author_facet | Kim, Sujin Subramanian, S.V. |
author_sort | Kim, Sujin |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study examines the relationship between volatile income and depression, and moderating effects of living arrangements among older adults in South Korea. Using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, we studied 4123 adults aged 60 or older. Income volatility was defined as the variance of logged income across four assessments from 2006 to 2012. Depression was measured as the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scores in 2012. It was examined whether income volatility was related to depressive symptoms, and whether the association depended on co-residence with children. In results, income volatility was not related to CES-D scores in main-effect models without an interaction term. The relationship between income volatility and depressive symptoms depended on co-residence with children (p < 0.001). Higher income volatility was linked to increased risks of CES-D scores among the elderly living without children (incident rate ratio (IRR): 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07–1.50, p-value: 0.005) whereas it was related to lower CES-D scores among those co-residing with children (IRR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.52–0.88, p-value: 0.003). Absolute income volatility has detrimental psychological consequences for older adults who live on their own. The finding implies that social protection policies for elderly households that live with an unstable income are needed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6801608 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68016082019-10-31 Income Volatility and Depressive Symptoms among Elderly Koreans Kim, Sujin Subramanian, S.V. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article This study examines the relationship between volatile income and depression, and moderating effects of living arrangements among older adults in South Korea. Using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, we studied 4123 adults aged 60 or older. Income volatility was defined as the variance of logged income across four assessments from 2006 to 2012. Depression was measured as the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scores in 2012. It was examined whether income volatility was related to depressive symptoms, and whether the association depended on co-residence with children. In results, income volatility was not related to CES-D scores in main-effect models without an interaction term. The relationship between income volatility and depressive symptoms depended on co-residence with children (p < 0.001). Higher income volatility was linked to increased risks of CES-D scores among the elderly living without children (incident rate ratio (IRR): 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07–1.50, p-value: 0.005) whereas it was related to lower CES-D scores among those co-residing with children (IRR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.52–0.88, p-value: 0.003). Absolute income volatility has detrimental psychological consequences for older adults who live on their own. The finding implies that social protection policies for elderly households that live with an unstable income are needed. MDPI 2019-09-25 2019-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6801608/ /pubmed/31557823 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193580 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kim, Sujin Subramanian, S.V. Income Volatility and Depressive Symptoms among Elderly Koreans |
title | Income Volatility and Depressive Symptoms among Elderly Koreans |
title_full | Income Volatility and Depressive Symptoms among Elderly Koreans |
title_fullStr | Income Volatility and Depressive Symptoms among Elderly Koreans |
title_full_unstemmed | Income Volatility and Depressive Symptoms among Elderly Koreans |
title_short | Income Volatility and Depressive Symptoms among Elderly Koreans |
title_sort | income volatility and depressive symptoms among elderly koreans |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6801608/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31557823 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193580 |
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