Cargando…

Dynamic Cancellation of Perceived Rotation from the Venetian Blind Effect

Geometric differences between the images seen by each eye enable the perception of depth. Additionally, depth is produced in the absence of geometric disparities with binocular disparities in either the average luminance or contrast, which is known as the Venetian blind effect. The temporal dynamics...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Dobias, Joshua J., Stine, Wm Wren
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6802771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31735815
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision3020014
_version_ 1783460852464091136
author Dobias, Joshua J.
Stine, Wm Wren
author_facet Dobias, Joshua J.
Stine, Wm Wren
author_sort Dobias, Joshua J.
collection PubMed
description Geometric differences between the images seen by each eye enable the perception of depth. Additionally, depth is produced in the absence of geometric disparities with binocular disparities in either the average luminance or contrast, which is known as the Venetian blind effect. The temporal dynamics of the Venetian blind effect are much slower (1.3 Hz) than those for geometric binocular disparities (4–5 Hz). Sine-wave modulations of luminance and contrast disparity, however, can be discriminated from square-wave modulations at 1 Hz, which suggests a non-linearity. To measure this non-linearity, a luminance or contrast disparity modulation was presented at a particular frequency and paired with a geometric disparity modulation that cancelled the perceived rotation induced by the luminance or contrast modulation. Phases between the luminance or contrast and the geometric modulation varied in 50 ms increments from −200 and 200 ms. When phases were aligned, observers perceived little or no rotation. When not aligned, a perceived rotation was induced by a contrast or luminance disparity that was then cancelled by the geometric disparity. This causes the perception of a slight jump. The Generalized Difference Model, which is linear in time, predicted a minimal probability in cases when luminance or contrast disparities occurred before the geometric disparities due to the slower dynamics of the Venetian blind effect. The Gated Generalized Difference Model, which is non-linear in time, predicted a minimal probability for offsets of 0 ms. Results followed the Gated model, which further suggests a non-linearity in time for the Venetian blind effect.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6802771
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-68027712019-11-14 Dynamic Cancellation of Perceived Rotation from the Venetian Blind Effect Dobias, Joshua J. Stine, Wm Wren Vision (Basel) Article Geometric differences between the images seen by each eye enable the perception of depth. Additionally, depth is produced in the absence of geometric disparities with binocular disparities in either the average luminance or contrast, which is known as the Venetian blind effect. The temporal dynamics of the Venetian blind effect are much slower (1.3 Hz) than those for geometric binocular disparities (4–5 Hz). Sine-wave modulations of luminance and contrast disparity, however, can be discriminated from square-wave modulations at 1 Hz, which suggests a non-linearity. To measure this non-linearity, a luminance or contrast disparity modulation was presented at a particular frequency and paired with a geometric disparity modulation that cancelled the perceived rotation induced by the luminance or contrast modulation. Phases between the luminance or contrast and the geometric modulation varied in 50 ms increments from −200 and 200 ms. When phases were aligned, observers perceived little or no rotation. When not aligned, a perceived rotation was induced by a contrast or luminance disparity that was then cancelled by the geometric disparity. This causes the perception of a slight jump. The Generalized Difference Model, which is linear in time, predicted a minimal probability in cases when luminance or contrast disparities occurred before the geometric disparities due to the slower dynamics of the Venetian blind effect. The Gated Generalized Difference Model, which is non-linear in time, predicted a minimal probability for offsets of 0 ms. Results followed the Gated model, which further suggests a non-linearity in time for the Venetian blind effect. MDPI 2019-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6802771/ /pubmed/31735815 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision3020014 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Dobias, Joshua J.
Stine, Wm Wren
Dynamic Cancellation of Perceived Rotation from the Venetian Blind Effect
title Dynamic Cancellation of Perceived Rotation from the Venetian Blind Effect
title_full Dynamic Cancellation of Perceived Rotation from the Venetian Blind Effect
title_fullStr Dynamic Cancellation of Perceived Rotation from the Venetian Blind Effect
title_full_unstemmed Dynamic Cancellation of Perceived Rotation from the Venetian Blind Effect
title_short Dynamic Cancellation of Perceived Rotation from the Venetian Blind Effect
title_sort dynamic cancellation of perceived rotation from the venetian blind effect
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6802771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31735815
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision3020014
work_keys_str_mv AT dobiasjoshuaj dynamiccancellationofperceivedrotationfromthevenetianblindeffect
AT stinewmwren dynamiccancellationofperceivedrotationfromthevenetianblindeffect