Cargando…

Spatio-Temporal Neural Changes After Task-Switching Training in Old Age

In the present study, we aimed at examining selective neural changes after task-switching training in old age by not only considering the spatial location but also the timescale of brain activation changes (i.e., sustained/block-related or transient/trial-related timescales). We assigned a sample of...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Dörrenbächer, Sandra, Schütz, Chiara, Woirgardt, Marc, Wu, C. Carolyn, Zimmer, Hubert D., Kray, Jutta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6803514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31680929
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00267
_version_ 1783460951378362368
author Dörrenbächer, Sandra
Schütz, Chiara
Woirgardt, Marc
Wu, C. Carolyn
Zimmer, Hubert D.
Kray, Jutta
author_facet Dörrenbächer, Sandra
Schütz, Chiara
Woirgardt, Marc
Wu, C. Carolyn
Zimmer, Hubert D.
Kray, Jutta
author_sort Dörrenbächer, Sandra
collection PubMed
description In the present study, we aimed at examining selective neural changes after task-switching training in old age by not only considering the spatial location but also the timescale of brain activation changes (i.e., sustained/block-related or transient/trial-related timescales). We assigned a sample of 50 older adults to a task-switching training or an active single-task control group. We administered two task paradigms, either sensitive to transient (i.e., a context-updating task) or sustained (i.e., a delayed-recognition working-memory task) dynamics of cognitive control. These dynamics were captured by utilizing an appropriate event-related or block-related functional magnetic resonance imaging design. We captured selective changes in task activation during the untrained tasks after task-switching training compared to an active control group. Results revealed changes at the neural level that were not evident from only behavioral data. Importantly, neural changes in the transient-sensitive context updating task were found on the same timescale but in a different region (i.e., in the left inferior parietal lobule) than in the task-switching training task (i.e., ventrolateral PFC, inferior frontal junction, superior parietal lobule), only pointing to temporal overlap, while neural changes in the sustained-sensitive delayed-recognition task overlapped in both timescale and region with the task-switching training task (i.e., in the basal ganglia), pointing to spatio-temporal overlap. These results suggest that neural changes after task-switching training seem to be critically supported by the temporal organization of neural processing.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6803514
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-68035142019-11-03 Spatio-Temporal Neural Changes After Task-Switching Training in Old Age Dörrenbächer, Sandra Schütz, Chiara Woirgardt, Marc Wu, C. Carolyn Zimmer, Hubert D. Kray, Jutta Front Aging Neurosci Neuroscience In the present study, we aimed at examining selective neural changes after task-switching training in old age by not only considering the spatial location but also the timescale of brain activation changes (i.e., sustained/block-related or transient/trial-related timescales). We assigned a sample of 50 older adults to a task-switching training or an active single-task control group. We administered two task paradigms, either sensitive to transient (i.e., a context-updating task) or sustained (i.e., a delayed-recognition working-memory task) dynamics of cognitive control. These dynamics were captured by utilizing an appropriate event-related or block-related functional magnetic resonance imaging design. We captured selective changes in task activation during the untrained tasks after task-switching training compared to an active control group. Results revealed changes at the neural level that were not evident from only behavioral data. Importantly, neural changes in the transient-sensitive context updating task were found on the same timescale but in a different region (i.e., in the left inferior parietal lobule) than in the task-switching training task (i.e., ventrolateral PFC, inferior frontal junction, superior parietal lobule), only pointing to temporal overlap, while neural changes in the sustained-sensitive delayed-recognition task overlapped in both timescale and region with the task-switching training task (i.e., in the basal ganglia), pointing to spatio-temporal overlap. These results suggest that neural changes after task-switching training seem to be critically supported by the temporal organization of neural processing. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6803514/ /pubmed/31680929 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00267 Text en Copyright © 2019 Dörrenbächer, Schütz, Woirgardt, Wu, Zimmer and Kray. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Dörrenbächer, Sandra
Schütz, Chiara
Woirgardt, Marc
Wu, C. Carolyn
Zimmer, Hubert D.
Kray, Jutta
Spatio-Temporal Neural Changes After Task-Switching Training in Old Age
title Spatio-Temporal Neural Changes After Task-Switching Training in Old Age
title_full Spatio-Temporal Neural Changes After Task-Switching Training in Old Age
title_fullStr Spatio-Temporal Neural Changes After Task-Switching Training in Old Age
title_full_unstemmed Spatio-Temporal Neural Changes After Task-Switching Training in Old Age
title_short Spatio-Temporal Neural Changes After Task-Switching Training in Old Age
title_sort spatio-temporal neural changes after task-switching training in old age
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6803514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31680929
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00267
work_keys_str_mv AT dorrenbachersandra spatiotemporalneuralchangesaftertaskswitchingtraininginoldage
AT schutzchiara spatiotemporalneuralchangesaftertaskswitchingtraininginoldage
AT woirgardtmarc spatiotemporalneuralchangesaftertaskswitchingtraininginoldage
AT wuccarolyn spatiotemporalneuralchangesaftertaskswitchingtraininginoldage
AT zimmerhubertd spatiotemporalneuralchangesaftertaskswitchingtraininginoldage
AT krayjutta spatiotemporalneuralchangesaftertaskswitchingtraininginoldage