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Simulated Weightlessness Perturbs the Intestinal Metabolomic Profile of Rats

Recently, disorders of intestinal homeostasis in the space environment have been extensively demonstrated. Accumulating evidence have suggested microgravity and simulated weightlessness could induce dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota, which may contribute to the bowel symptoms during spaceflight. Ho...

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Autores principales: Jin, Mingliang, Wang, Jiaojiao, Zhang, Hao, Zhou, Hongbin, Zhao, Ke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6803529/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31680997
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01279
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author Jin, Mingliang
Wang, Jiaojiao
Zhang, Hao
Zhou, Hongbin
Zhao, Ke
author_facet Jin, Mingliang
Wang, Jiaojiao
Zhang, Hao
Zhou, Hongbin
Zhao, Ke
author_sort Jin, Mingliang
collection PubMed
description Recently, disorders of intestinal homeostasis in the space environment have been extensively demonstrated. Accumulating evidence have suggested microgravity and simulated weightlessness could induce dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota, which may contribute to the bowel symptoms during spaceflight. However, the specific responses of intestinal metabolome under simulated weightlessness and its relationship with the intestinal microbiome and immune characteristics remain largely unknown. In the current study, 20 adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the control group and the simulated weightlessness group using a hindlimb unloading model. The metabolomic profiling of cecal contents from eight rats of each group was investigated by gas chromatography-time of flight/mass spectrometry. The significantly different metabolites, biomarkers, and related pathways were identified. Multivariate analysis, such as principal component analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis, demonstrated an obvious separation between the control group and the simulated weightlessness group. Significantly different metabolites, such as xylose, sinapinic acid, indolelactate, and digalacturonic acid, were identified, which participate in mainly pyrimidine metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and valine, leucine and isoleucine metabolism. Cytidine-5′-monophosphate, 4-hydroxypyridine, and phloretic acid were determined as pivotal biomarkers under simulated weightlessness. Moreover, the significantly different metabolites were remarkably correlated with dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and disturbance of immunological characteristics induced by simulated weightlessness. These metabolic features provide crucial candidates for therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders under weightlessness.
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spelling pubmed-68035292019-11-03 Simulated Weightlessness Perturbs the Intestinal Metabolomic Profile of Rats Jin, Mingliang Wang, Jiaojiao Zhang, Hao Zhou, Hongbin Zhao, Ke Front Physiol Physiology Recently, disorders of intestinal homeostasis in the space environment have been extensively demonstrated. Accumulating evidence have suggested microgravity and simulated weightlessness could induce dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota, which may contribute to the bowel symptoms during spaceflight. However, the specific responses of intestinal metabolome under simulated weightlessness and its relationship with the intestinal microbiome and immune characteristics remain largely unknown. In the current study, 20 adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the control group and the simulated weightlessness group using a hindlimb unloading model. The metabolomic profiling of cecal contents from eight rats of each group was investigated by gas chromatography-time of flight/mass spectrometry. The significantly different metabolites, biomarkers, and related pathways were identified. Multivariate analysis, such as principal component analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis, demonstrated an obvious separation between the control group and the simulated weightlessness group. Significantly different metabolites, such as xylose, sinapinic acid, indolelactate, and digalacturonic acid, were identified, which participate in mainly pyrimidine metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and valine, leucine and isoleucine metabolism. Cytidine-5′-monophosphate, 4-hydroxypyridine, and phloretic acid were determined as pivotal biomarkers under simulated weightlessness. Moreover, the significantly different metabolites were remarkably correlated with dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and disturbance of immunological characteristics induced by simulated weightlessness. These metabolic features provide crucial candidates for therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders under weightlessness. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6803529/ /pubmed/31680997 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01279 Text en Copyright © 2019 Jin, Wang, Zhang, Zhou and Zhao. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Jin, Mingliang
Wang, Jiaojiao
Zhang, Hao
Zhou, Hongbin
Zhao, Ke
Simulated Weightlessness Perturbs the Intestinal Metabolomic Profile of Rats
title Simulated Weightlessness Perturbs the Intestinal Metabolomic Profile of Rats
title_full Simulated Weightlessness Perturbs the Intestinal Metabolomic Profile of Rats
title_fullStr Simulated Weightlessness Perturbs the Intestinal Metabolomic Profile of Rats
title_full_unstemmed Simulated Weightlessness Perturbs the Intestinal Metabolomic Profile of Rats
title_short Simulated Weightlessness Perturbs the Intestinal Metabolomic Profile of Rats
title_sort simulated weightlessness perturbs the intestinal metabolomic profile of rats
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6803529/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31680997
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01279
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