Location of Tensile Damage Source of Carbon Fiber Braided Composites Based on Two-Step Method

Acoustic emission (AE) source localization is one of the important purposes of nondestructive testing. The localization accuracy reflects the degree of coincidence between the identified location and the actual damage location. However, the anisotropy of carbon fiber three-dimensional braided composites will have a great impact on the accuracy of AE source location. In order to solve this problem, the time-frequency domain characteristics of AE signals in a carbon fiber braided composite tensile test were analyzed by Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT), and the corresponding relationship between damage modes and AE signals was established. Then, according to the time-frequency characteristics of HHT of tensile acoustic emission signals, the two-step method was used to locate the damage source. In the first step, the sound velocity was compensated by combining the time-frequency analysis results with the anisotropy of the experimental specimens, and the four-point circular arc method was used to locate the initial position. In the second step, there is an improvement of the Drosophila optimization algorithm, using the ergodicity of the chaotic algorithm and congestion adjustment mechanism in the fish swarm algorithm. The smoothing parameters and function construction in the probabilistic neural network were optimized, the number of iterations was reduced, the location accuracy was improved, and the damage mode of composite materials was obtained. Then, the damage location was obtained to achieve the purpose of locating the damage source.