Linear, Non-Conjugated Cyclic and Conjugated Cyclic Paraphenylene under Pressure

The n-paraphenylene family comprises chains of phenylene units linked together by C-C bonds that are between single- and double-bonded, and where n corresponds to the number of phenylene units. In this work, we compare the response of the optical properties of different phenylene arrangements. We study linear chains (LPP), cyclic systems (CPPs), and non-conjugated cyclic systems with two hydrogenated phenylenes (H(4)[n]CPP). Particularly, the systems of interest in this work are [6]LPP, [12]- and [6]CPP and H(4)[6]CPP. This work combines Raman and infrared spectroscopies with absorption and fluorescence (one- and two-photon excitations) measured as a function of pressure up to maximum of about 25 GPa. Unprecedented crystallographic pressure-dependent results are shown on H(4)[n]CPP, revealing intramolecular π-π interactions upon compression. These intramolecular interactions justify the H(4)[n]CPP singular optical properties with increasing fluorescence lifetime as a function of pressure.