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Schizandrin Protects against OGD/R-Induced Neuronal Injury by Suppressing Autophagy: Involvement of the AMPK/mTOR Pathway
The neuroprotective role of schizandrin (SA) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) was recently highlighted. However, whether SA plays a regulatory role on autophagy in cerebral I/R injury is still unclear. This study aimed to explore whether the neuroprotective mechanisms of SA were linked to its...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6804185/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31597329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193624 |
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author | Wang, Guangyun Wang, Tiezheng Zhang, Yuanyuan Li, Fang Yu, Boyang Kou, Junping |
author_facet | Wang, Guangyun Wang, Tiezheng Zhang, Yuanyuan Li, Fang Yu, Boyang Kou, Junping |
author_sort | Wang, Guangyun |
collection | PubMed |
description | The neuroprotective role of schizandrin (SA) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) was recently highlighted. However, whether SA plays a regulatory role on autophagy in cerebral I/R injury is still unclear. This study aimed to explore whether the neuroprotective mechanisms of SA were linked to its regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/autophagy pathway in vivo and in vitro. The present study confirmed that SA significantly improved oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R)-induced PC12 cells injury. The results of immunoblotting and confocal microscope showed that SA decreased autophagy in OGD/R-injured PC12 cells, which was reflected by the decreased Beclin-1 and LC3-II expression, autophagy flux level, and LC3 puncta formation. In addition, the autophagy inducer rapamycin partially prevented the effects of SA on cell viability and autophagy after OGD/R, whereas the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) exerted the opposite effect. The results of Western blotting showed that SA markedly decreased the phosphorylation of AMPK (p-AMPK), whereas the phosphor-mTOR (p-mTOR) levels increased in the presence of OGD/R insult. Furthermore, pretreatment with the AMPK inducer AICAR partially reversed the protective effects and autophagy inhibition of SA. However, AMPK inhibitor Compound C pretreatment further promoted the inhibition of SA on autophagy induction and cell damage induced by OGD/R. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that SA protects against OGD/R insult by inhibiting autophagy through the regulation of the AMPK-mTOR pathway and that SA may have therapeutic value for protecting neurons from cerebral ischemia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6804185 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68041852019-11-18 Schizandrin Protects against OGD/R-Induced Neuronal Injury by Suppressing Autophagy: Involvement of the AMPK/mTOR Pathway Wang, Guangyun Wang, Tiezheng Zhang, Yuanyuan Li, Fang Yu, Boyang Kou, Junping Molecules Article The neuroprotective role of schizandrin (SA) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) was recently highlighted. However, whether SA plays a regulatory role on autophagy in cerebral I/R injury is still unclear. This study aimed to explore whether the neuroprotective mechanisms of SA were linked to its regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/autophagy pathway in vivo and in vitro. The present study confirmed that SA significantly improved oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R)-induced PC12 cells injury. The results of immunoblotting and confocal microscope showed that SA decreased autophagy in OGD/R-injured PC12 cells, which was reflected by the decreased Beclin-1 and LC3-II expression, autophagy flux level, and LC3 puncta formation. In addition, the autophagy inducer rapamycin partially prevented the effects of SA on cell viability and autophagy after OGD/R, whereas the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) exerted the opposite effect. The results of Western blotting showed that SA markedly decreased the phosphorylation of AMPK (p-AMPK), whereas the phosphor-mTOR (p-mTOR) levels increased in the presence of OGD/R insult. Furthermore, pretreatment with the AMPK inducer AICAR partially reversed the protective effects and autophagy inhibition of SA. However, AMPK inhibitor Compound C pretreatment further promoted the inhibition of SA on autophagy induction and cell damage induced by OGD/R. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that SA protects against OGD/R insult by inhibiting autophagy through the regulation of the AMPK-mTOR pathway and that SA may have therapeutic value for protecting neurons from cerebral ischemia. MDPI 2019-10-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6804185/ /pubmed/31597329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193624 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wang, Guangyun Wang, Tiezheng Zhang, Yuanyuan Li, Fang Yu, Boyang Kou, Junping Schizandrin Protects against OGD/R-Induced Neuronal Injury by Suppressing Autophagy: Involvement of the AMPK/mTOR Pathway |
title | Schizandrin Protects against OGD/R-Induced Neuronal Injury by Suppressing Autophagy: Involvement of the AMPK/mTOR Pathway |
title_full | Schizandrin Protects against OGD/R-Induced Neuronal Injury by Suppressing Autophagy: Involvement of the AMPK/mTOR Pathway |
title_fullStr | Schizandrin Protects against OGD/R-Induced Neuronal Injury by Suppressing Autophagy: Involvement of the AMPK/mTOR Pathway |
title_full_unstemmed | Schizandrin Protects against OGD/R-Induced Neuronal Injury by Suppressing Autophagy: Involvement of the AMPK/mTOR Pathway |
title_short | Schizandrin Protects against OGD/R-Induced Neuronal Injury by Suppressing Autophagy: Involvement of the AMPK/mTOR Pathway |
title_sort | schizandrin protects against ogd/r-induced neuronal injury by suppressing autophagy: involvement of the ampk/mtor pathway |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6804185/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31597329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193624 |
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