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Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”, “acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”
Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often c...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6804538/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31646012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41413-019-0061-z |
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author | Masters, Elysia A. Trombetta, Ryan P. de Mesy Bentley, Karen L. Boyce, Brendan F Gill, Ann Lindley Gill, Steven R. Nishitani, Kohei Ishikawa, Masahiro Morita, Yugo Ito, Hiromu Bello-Irizarry, Sheila N. Ninomiya, Mark Brodell, James D. Lee, Charles C. Hao, Stephanie P. Oh, Irvin Xie, Chao Awad, Hani A. Daiss, John L. Owen, John R. Kates, Stephen L. Schwarz, Edward M. Muthukrishnan, Gowrishankar |
author_facet | Masters, Elysia A. Trombetta, Ryan P. de Mesy Bentley, Karen L. Boyce, Brendan F Gill, Ann Lindley Gill, Steven R. Nishitani, Kohei Ishikawa, Masahiro Morita, Yugo Ito, Hiromu Bello-Irizarry, Sheila N. Ninomiya, Mark Brodell, James D. Lee, Charles C. Hao, Stephanie P. Oh, Irvin Xie, Chao Awad, Hani A. Daiss, John L. Owen, John R. Kates, Stephen L. Schwarz, Edward M. Muthukrishnan, Gowrishankar |
author_sort | Masters, Elysia A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity, mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network (OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, S. aureus intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies (MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6804538 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68045382019-10-23 Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”, “acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy” Masters, Elysia A. Trombetta, Ryan P. de Mesy Bentley, Karen L. Boyce, Brendan F Gill, Ann Lindley Gill, Steven R. Nishitani, Kohei Ishikawa, Masahiro Morita, Yugo Ito, Hiromu Bello-Irizarry, Sheila N. Ninomiya, Mark Brodell, James D. Lee, Charles C. Hao, Stephanie P. Oh, Irvin Xie, Chao Awad, Hani A. Daiss, John L. Owen, John R. Kates, Stephen L. Schwarz, Edward M. Muthukrishnan, Gowrishankar Bone Res Review Article Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity, mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network (OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, S. aureus intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies (MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6804538/ /pubmed/31646012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41413-019-0061-z Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Masters, Elysia A. Trombetta, Ryan P. de Mesy Bentley, Karen L. Boyce, Brendan F Gill, Ann Lindley Gill, Steven R. Nishitani, Kohei Ishikawa, Masahiro Morita, Yugo Ito, Hiromu Bello-Irizarry, Sheila N. Ninomiya, Mark Brodell, James D. Lee, Charles C. Hao, Stephanie P. Oh, Irvin Xie, Chao Awad, Hani A. Daiss, John L. Owen, John R. Kates, Stephen L. Schwarz, Edward M. Muthukrishnan, Gowrishankar Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”, “acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy” |
title | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”, “acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy” |
title_full | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”, “acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy” |
title_fullStr | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”, “acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy” |
title_full_unstemmed | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”, “acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy” |
title_short | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”, “acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy” |
title_sort | evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”, “acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy” |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6804538/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31646012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41413-019-0061-z |
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