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Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on the Brain Functional Network, as Revealed by Graph Theory

Sleep is a complex and dynamic process for maintaining homeostasis, and a lack of sleep can disrupt whole-body functioning. No organ is as vulnerable to the loss of sleep as the brain. Accordingly, we examined a set of task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data by using graph theor...

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Autores principales: Farahani, Farzad V., Fafrowicz, Magdalena, Karwowski, Waldemar, Douglas, Pamela K., Domagalik, Aleksandra, Beldzik, Ewa, Oginska, Halszka, Marek, Tadeusz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6807652/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31680823
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.01087
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author Farahani, Farzad V.
Fafrowicz, Magdalena
Karwowski, Waldemar
Douglas, Pamela K.
Domagalik, Aleksandra
Beldzik, Ewa
Oginska, Halszka
Marek, Tadeusz
author_facet Farahani, Farzad V.
Fafrowicz, Magdalena
Karwowski, Waldemar
Douglas, Pamela K.
Domagalik, Aleksandra
Beldzik, Ewa
Oginska, Halszka
Marek, Tadeusz
author_sort Farahani, Farzad V.
collection PubMed
description Sleep is a complex and dynamic process for maintaining homeostasis, and a lack of sleep can disrupt whole-body functioning. No organ is as vulnerable to the loss of sleep as the brain. Accordingly, we examined a set of task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data by using graph theory to assess brain topological changes in subjects in a state of chronic sleep restriction, and then identified diurnal variability in the graph-theoretic measures. Task-based fMRI data were collected in a 1.5T MR scanner from the same participants on two days: after a week of fully restorative sleep and after a week with 35% sleep curtailment. Each day included four scanning sessions throughout the day (at approximately 10:00 AM, 2:00 PM, 6:00 PM, and 10:00 PM). A modified spatial cueing task was applied to evaluate sustained attention. After sleep restriction, the characteristic path length significantly increased at all measurement times, and small-worldness significantly decreased. Assortativity, a measure of network fault tolerance, diminished over the course of the day in both conditions. Local graph measures were altered primarily across the limbic system (particularly in the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and amygdala), default mode network, and visual network.
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spelling pubmed-68076522019-11-01 Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on the Brain Functional Network, as Revealed by Graph Theory Farahani, Farzad V. Fafrowicz, Magdalena Karwowski, Waldemar Douglas, Pamela K. Domagalik, Aleksandra Beldzik, Ewa Oginska, Halszka Marek, Tadeusz Front Neurosci Neuroscience Sleep is a complex and dynamic process for maintaining homeostasis, and a lack of sleep can disrupt whole-body functioning. No organ is as vulnerable to the loss of sleep as the brain. Accordingly, we examined a set of task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data by using graph theory to assess brain topological changes in subjects in a state of chronic sleep restriction, and then identified diurnal variability in the graph-theoretic measures. Task-based fMRI data were collected in a 1.5T MR scanner from the same participants on two days: after a week of fully restorative sleep and after a week with 35% sleep curtailment. Each day included four scanning sessions throughout the day (at approximately 10:00 AM, 2:00 PM, 6:00 PM, and 10:00 PM). A modified spatial cueing task was applied to evaluate sustained attention. After sleep restriction, the characteristic path length significantly increased at all measurement times, and small-worldness significantly decreased. Assortativity, a measure of network fault tolerance, diminished over the course of the day in both conditions. Local graph measures were altered primarily across the limbic system (particularly in the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and amygdala), default mode network, and visual network. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-10-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6807652/ /pubmed/31680823 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.01087 Text en Copyright © 2019 Farahani, Fafrowicz, Karwowski, Douglas, Domagalik, Beldzik, Oginska and Marek. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Farahani, Farzad V.
Fafrowicz, Magdalena
Karwowski, Waldemar
Douglas, Pamela K.
Domagalik, Aleksandra
Beldzik, Ewa
Oginska, Halszka
Marek, Tadeusz
Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on the Brain Functional Network, as Revealed by Graph Theory
title Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on the Brain Functional Network, as Revealed by Graph Theory
title_full Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on the Brain Functional Network, as Revealed by Graph Theory
title_fullStr Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on the Brain Functional Network, as Revealed by Graph Theory
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on the Brain Functional Network, as Revealed by Graph Theory
title_short Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on the Brain Functional Network, as Revealed by Graph Theory
title_sort effects of chronic sleep restriction on the brain functional network, as revealed by graph theory
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6807652/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31680823
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.01087
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