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316. Hepatitis C and Engagement in Health Care Among Persons Who Inject Drugs and Persons Who Use Non-Injection Drugs, Philadelphia

BACKGROUND: The growing opioid epidemic is driving increasing rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in the United States. HCV transmission is most frequently attributed to unsafe injection behaviors, but can occur via other unsafe drug use and sexual behaviors. Differences in demographics, HCV...

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Autores principales: Addish, Eman, Zellman, Hannah, Kostman, Jay, Viner, Kendra, Kuncio, Danica, Trooskin, Stacey
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6808756/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.389
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author Addish, Eman
Zellman, Hannah
Kostman, Jay
Viner, Kendra
Kuncio, Danica
Trooskin, Stacey
author_facet Addish, Eman
Zellman, Hannah
Kostman, Jay
Viner, Kendra
Kuncio, Danica
Trooskin, Stacey
author_sort Addish, Eman
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The growing opioid epidemic is driving increasing rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in the United States. HCV transmission is most frequently attributed to unsafe injection behaviors, but can occur via other unsafe drug use and sexual behaviors. Differences in demographics, HCV rates and associated risk factors in non-injecting PWUD (NIPWUD), compared with people who inject drugs (PWID) must be understood in order to target elimination strategies. METHODS: Change is Philadelphia’s program to eliminate HCV among PWUD and enrollment includes HCV testing, linkage services, and an interviewer-administered survey including risk behaviors and healthcare engagement. This interim analysis includes the first 835 enrollees that identified as PWUD. For this analysis, PWID are enrollees who indicated ever injecting drugs and those who had not are NIPWUD. RESULTS: Among enrollees, 76% (N = 637) reported ever injecting drugs. PWIDs were younger and non-Hispanic (NH) white while NIPWUD were older and NH Black (age: P = 0.003; race/ethnicity: P < 0.0001). NIPWUDs had a high seropositivity rate though significantly lower than PWIDs (24% vs. 85%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Among PWID enrollees, 94% (N = 596) ever snorted. Of enrollees, 63% (N = 124) of NIPWUD and 56% (N = 356) of PWID identified having a PCP (P =0.07). PWIDs are more likely than NIPWUD to have overdosed (OD) (40% vs. 9%; P < 0.0001) though high rates of both groups ever witnessed an OD (84% vs. 67%, respectively). While 80% (N = 105) of NIPWUDs know how to use Narcan, 60% (N = 79) carry it, {94% (N = 503) and 71%(N = 381) in PWID, respectively}. NIPWUDs are more likely to be interested in drug treatment (P < 0.0001) and to have received it in the last 12 months (P = 0.0008). CONCLUSION: Notable HCV infection exists among non-injecting PWUD reinforcing the need for harm reduction counseling and access to drug use equipment used for smoking and snorting. NIPWUD may be able to access drug and HCV treatment through PCPs and fatal ODs may be prevented by ensuring NIPWUDs have access to Narcan. In addition, PWID are likely to snort as well and should be counseled on non-injecting harm reduction methods. To succeed in micro elimination among PWUD, a focus on NIPWUDs as well as PWIDs is necessary to mitigate transmission of HCV. DISCLOSURES: All authors: No reported disclosures.
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spelling pubmed-68087562019-10-28 316. Hepatitis C and Engagement in Health Care Among Persons Who Inject Drugs and Persons Who Use Non-Injection Drugs, Philadelphia Addish, Eman Zellman, Hannah Kostman, Jay Viner, Kendra Kuncio, Danica Trooskin, Stacey Open Forum Infect Dis Abstracts BACKGROUND: The growing opioid epidemic is driving increasing rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in the United States. HCV transmission is most frequently attributed to unsafe injection behaviors, but can occur via other unsafe drug use and sexual behaviors. Differences in demographics, HCV rates and associated risk factors in non-injecting PWUD (NIPWUD), compared with people who inject drugs (PWID) must be understood in order to target elimination strategies. METHODS: Change is Philadelphia’s program to eliminate HCV among PWUD and enrollment includes HCV testing, linkage services, and an interviewer-administered survey including risk behaviors and healthcare engagement. This interim analysis includes the first 835 enrollees that identified as PWUD. For this analysis, PWID are enrollees who indicated ever injecting drugs and those who had not are NIPWUD. RESULTS: Among enrollees, 76% (N = 637) reported ever injecting drugs. PWIDs were younger and non-Hispanic (NH) white while NIPWUD were older and NH Black (age: P = 0.003; race/ethnicity: P < 0.0001). NIPWUDs had a high seropositivity rate though significantly lower than PWIDs (24% vs. 85%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Among PWID enrollees, 94% (N = 596) ever snorted. Of enrollees, 63% (N = 124) of NIPWUD and 56% (N = 356) of PWID identified having a PCP (P =0.07). PWIDs are more likely than NIPWUD to have overdosed (OD) (40% vs. 9%; P < 0.0001) though high rates of both groups ever witnessed an OD (84% vs. 67%, respectively). While 80% (N = 105) of NIPWUDs know how to use Narcan, 60% (N = 79) carry it, {94% (N = 503) and 71%(N = 381) in PWID, respectively}. NIPWUDs are more likely to be interested in drug treatment (P < 0.0001) and to have received it in the last 12 months (P = 0.0008). CONCLUSION: Notable HCV infection exists among non-injecting PWUD reinforcing the need for harm reduction counseling and access to drug use equipment used for smoking and snorting. NIPWUD may be able to access drug and HCV treatment through PCPs and fatal ODs may be prevented by ensuring NIPWUDs have access to Narcan. In addition, PWID are likely to snort as well and should be counseled on non-injecting harm reduction methods. To succeed in micro elimination among PWUD, a focus on NIPWUDs as well as PWIDs is necessary to mitigate transmission of HCV. DISCLOSURES: All authors: No reported disclosures. Oxford University Press 2019-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6808756/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.389 Text en © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Abstracts
Addish, Eman
Zellman, Hannah
Kostman, Jay
Viner, Kendra
Kuncio, Danica
Trooskin, Stacey
316. Hepatitis C and Engagement in Health Care Among Persons Who Inject Drugs and Persons Who Use Non-Injection Drugs, Philadelphia
title 316. Hepatitis C and Engagement in Health Care Among Persons Who Inject Drugs and Persons Who Use Non-Injection Drugs, Philadelphia
title_full 316. Hepatitis C and Engagement in Health Care Among Persons Who Inject Drugs and Persons Who Use Non-Injection Drugs, Philadelphia
title_fullStr 316. Hepatitis C and Engagement in Health Care Among Persons Who Inject Drugs and Persons Who Use Non-Injection Drugs, Philadelphia
title_full_unstemmed 316. Hepatitis C and Engagement in Health Care Among Persons Who Inject Drugs and Persons Who Use Non-Injection Drugs, Philadelphia
title_short 316. Hepatitis C and Engagement in Health Care Among Persons Who Inject Drugs and Persons Who Use Non-Injection Drugs, Philadelphia
title_sort 316. hepatitis c and engagement in health care among persons who inject drugs and persons who use non-injection drugs, philadelphia
topic Abstracts
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6808756/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.389
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