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Antibacterial immune functions of subadults and adults in a semelparous spider

Although capacity to mount an efficient immune response plays a critical role in individuals’ survival, its dynamics across ontogenetic stages is still largely unexplored. Life stage-dependent variation in the encountered diversity and prevalence of parasites were proposed to contribute to stage-dep...

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Autores principales: Rádai, Zoltán, Kiss, Péter, Nagy, Dávid, Barta, Zoltán
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6815191/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31660257
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7475
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author Rádai, Zoltán
Kiss, Péter
Nagy, Dávid
Barta, Zoltán
author_facet Rádai, Zoltán
Kiss, Péter
Nagy, Dávid
Barta, Zoltán
author_sort Rádai, Zoltán
collection PubMed
description Although capacity to mount an efficient immune response plays a critical role in individuals’ survival, its dynamics across ontogenetic stages is still largely unexplored. Life stage-dependent variation in the encountered diversity and prevalence of parasites were proposed to contribute to stage-dependent changes in immunity, but differences in life history objectives between developmental stages may also lead to stage-specific changes in efficiency of given immune mechanisms. The reason for this is that juveniles and subadults are unable to reproduce, therefore they invest resources mainly into survival, while adults have to partition their resources between survival and reproduction. The general trade-off between somatic maintenance and reproductive effort is expected to impair immune function. Especially so in semelparous organisms that only reproduce once throughout their lifetime, hence they do not face the trade-off between current and future reproduction. We hypothesised that in a semelparous species individuals would be characterised by decreased investment into somatic maintenance after maturation, in order to maximise their reproductive output. Accordingly, we predicted that (1) elements of somatic maintenance, such as immunity, should be relatively weaker in adults in comparison to subadults, and (2) increased reproductive investment in adults should be associated with lower immune efficiency. We quantified two markers of immunity in subadult and adult individuals of the semelparous wolf spider Pardosa agrestis (Westring, 1861), namely bacterial growth inhibition power and bacterial cell wall lytic activity. We found that subadults showed significantly higher cell wall lytic activity than adults, but the two life stages did not differ in their capacity to inhibit bacterial growth. Also, we found weaker immune measures in mated females compared to virgins. Furthermore, in mated females bacterial growth inhibition power was negatively associated with fecundity.
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spelling pubmed-68151912019-10-28 Antibacterial immune functions of subadults and adults in a semelparous spider Rádai, Zoltán Kiss, Péter Nagy, Dávid Barta, Zoltán PeerJ Ecology Although capacity to mount an efficient immune response plays a critical role in individuals’ survival, its dynamics across ontogenetic stages is still largely unexplored. Life stage-dependent variation in the encountered diversity and prevalence of parasites were proposed to contribute to stage-dependent changes in immunity, but differences in life history objectives between developmental stages may also lead to stage-specific changes in efficiency of given immune mechanisms. The reason for this is that juveniles and subadults are unable to reproduce, therefore they invest resources mainly into survival, while adults have to partition their resources between survival and reproduction. The general trade-off between somatic maintenance and reproductive effort is expected to impair immune function. Especially so in semelparous organisms that only reproduce once throughout their lifetime, hence they do not face the trade-off between current and future reproduction. We hypothesised that in a semelparous species individuals would be characterised by decreased investment into somatic maintenance after maturation, in order to maximise their reproductive output. Accordingly, we predicted that (1) elements of somatic maintenance, such as immunity, should be relatively weaker in adults in comparison to subadults, and (2) increased reproductive investment in adults should be associated with lower immune efficiency. We quantified two markers of immunity in subadult and adult individuals of the semelparous wolf spider Pardosa agrestis (Westring, 1861), namely bacterial growth inhibition power and bacterial cell wall lytic activity. We found that subadults showed significantly higher cell wall lytic activity than adults, but the two life stages did not differ in their capacity to inhibit bacterial growth. Also, we found weaker immune measures in mated females compared to virgins. Furthermore, in mated females bacterial growth inhibition power was negatively associated with fecundity. PeerJ Inc. 2019-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6815191/ /pubmed/31660257 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7475 Text en © 2019 Rádai et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Ecology
Rádai, Zoltán
Kiss, Péter
Nagy, Dávid
Barta, Zoltán
Antibacterial immune functions of subadults and adults in a semelparous spider
title Antibacterial immune functions of subadults and adults in a semelparous spider
title_full Antibacterial immune functions of subadults and adults in a semelparous spider
title_fullStr Antibacterial immune functions of subadults and adults in a semelparous spider
title_full_unstemmed Antibacterial immune functions of subadults and adults in a semelparous spider
title_short Antibacterial immune functions of subadults and adults in a semelparous spider
title_sort antibacterial immune functions of subadults and adults in a semelparous spider
topic Ecology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6815191/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31660257
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7475
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