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Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field

Application of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer and manure can increase nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions. We tested the hypothesis that increased N(2)O flux from soils amended with manure reflects a change in bacterial community structure and, specifically, an increase in the number of denitrifiers....

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Autores principales: Yin, Mingyuan, Gao, Xiaopeng, Tenuta, Mario, Kuang, Wennong, Gui, Dongwei, Zeng, Fanjiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6815196/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31660271
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7894
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author Yin, Mingyuan
Gao, Xiaopeng
Tenuta, Mario
Kuang, Wennong
Gui, Dongwei
Zeng, Fanjiang
author_facet Yin, Mingyuan
Gao, Xiaopeng
Tenuta, Mario
Kuang, Wennong
Gui, Dongwei
Zeng, Fanjiang
author_sort Yin, Mingyuan
collection PubMed
description Application of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer and manure can increase nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions. We tested the hypothesis that increased N(2)O flux from soils amended with manure reflects a change in bacterial community structure and, specifically, an increase in the number of denitrifiers. To test this hypothesis, a field experiment was conducted in a drip-irrigated cotton field in an arid region of northwestern China. Treatments included plots that were not amended (Control), and plots amended with urea (Urea), animal manure (Manure) and a 50/50 mix of urea and manure (U+M). Manure was broadcast-incorporated into the soil before seeding while urea was split-applied with drip irrigation (fertigation) over the growing season. The addition treatments did not, as assessed by nextgen sequencing of PCR-amplicons generated from rRNA genes in soil, affect the alpha diversity of bacterial communities but did change the beta diversity. Compared to the Control, the addition of manure (U+M and Manure) significantly increased the abundance of genes associated with nitrate reduction (narG) and denitrfication (nirK and nosZ). Manure addition (U+M and Manure) did not affect the nitrifying enzyme activity (NEA) of soil but resulted in 39–59 times greater denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA). In contrast, urea application had no impact on the abundances of nitrifier and denitrifier genes, DEA and NEA; likely due to a limitation of C availability. DEA was highly correlated (r = 0.70–0.84, P < 0.01) with the abundance of genes narG, nirK and nosZ. An increase in the abundance of these functional genes was further correlated with soil NO(3)(−), dissolved organic carbon, total C, and total N concentrations, and soil C:N ratio. These results demonstrated a positive relationship between the abundances of denitrifying functional genes (narG, nirK and nosZ) and denitrification potential, suggesting that manure application increased N(2)O emission by increasing denitrification and the population of bacteria that mediated that process.
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spelling pubmed-68151962019-10-28 Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field Yin, Mingyuan Gao, Xiaopeng Tenuta, Mario Kuang, Wennong Gui, Dongwei Zeng, Fanjiang PeerJ Agricultural Science Application of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer and manure can increase nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions. We tested the hypothesis that increased N(2)O flux from soils amended with manure reflects a change in bacterial community structure and, specifically, an increase in the number of denitrifiers. To test this hypothesis, a field experiment was conducted in a drip-irrigated cotton field in an arid region of northwestern China. Treatments included plots that were not amended (Control), and plots amended with urea (Urea), animal manure (Manure) and a 50/50 mix of urea and manure (U+M). Manure was broadcast-incorporated into the soil before seeding while urea was split-applied with drip irrigation (fertigation) over the growing season. The addition treatments did not, as assessed by nextgen sequencing of PCR-amplicons generated from rRNA genes in soil, affect the alpha diversity of bacterial communities but did change the beta diversity. Compared to the Control, the addition of manure (U+M and Manure) significantly increased the abundance of genes associated with nitrate reduction (narG) and denitrfication (nirK and nosZ). Manure addition (U+M and Manure) did not affect the nitrifying enzyme activity (NEA) of soil but resulted in 39–59 times greater denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA). In contrast, urea application had no impact on the abundances of nitrifier and denitrifier genes, DEA and NEA; likely due to a limitation of C availability. DEA was highly correlated (r = 0.70–0.84, P < 0.01) with the abundance of genes narG, nirK and nosZ. An increase in the abundance of these functional genes was further correlated with soil NO(3)(−), dissolved organic carbon, total C, and total N concentrations, and soil C:N ratio. These results demonstrated a positive relationship between the abundances of denitrifying functional genes (narG, nirK and nosZ) and denitrification potential, suggesting that manure application increased N(2)O emission by increasing denitrification and the population of bacteria that mediated that process. PeerJ Inc. 2019-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6815196/ /pubmed/31660271 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7894 Text en © 2019 Yin et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Agricultural Science
Yin, Mingyuan
Gao, Xiaopeng
Tenuta, Mario
Kuang, Wennong
Gui, Dongwei
Zeng, Fanjiang
Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field
title Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field
title_full Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field
title_fullStr Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field
title_full_unstemmed Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field
title_short Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field
title_sort manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field
topic Agricultural Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6815196/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31660271
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7894
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