Cross-Cultural Adaptation And Pilot Testing Of The Cancer Care Coordination Questionnaire For Patients (CCCQ-P) In Chinese And Arabic Languages

BACKGROUND: The Cancer Care Coordination Questionnaire for Patients (CCCQ-P) has been designed to measure patients’ experience of this crucial aspect of their cancer care. Migrants are at particular risk of receiving poorly coordinated cancer care due to challenges in communication as well as unfamiliarity with the health system and roles of health professionals. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and pilot test the CCCQ-P in Chinese and Arabic languages. METHODS: This study followed an established five-stage process for cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. The CCCQ-P was forward and back-translated into Arabic, Simplified Chinese, and Traditional Chinese languages by two independent translators. An expert committee review panel appraised the translations, resulting in a pre-final version in the target languages. Face validity, content validity, and consistency of the translated CCCQ-P were then assessed in a sample of bilingual former cancer patients and health professionals. In addition, structured interviews were conducted to explore the meaning of each question and responses to participants. RESULTS: Thirteen health professionals (7 Chinese, 6 Arabic) and 19 former cancer patients (11 Chinese, 8 Arabic) participated in the face validation. Across both language groups, participants agreed that the cross-culturally adapted and translated versions had clear instructions and response options that were appropriate and understandable. All items were considered important and significant to the tool and so no item was removed. Complex medical words caused some differences in preferred terminology in Arabic and Chinese; however, participants agreed that the meaning of the questions and response options was not lost. CONCLUSION: The Arabic, Simplified Chinese, and Traditional Chinese cross-culturally adapted and piloted versions of the CCCQ-P are useful tools to measure patients’ experience of cancer care coordination. Further validation and psychometric testing of the instrument are warranted.