A Unique Shape of Brainstem Lesion that Caused Orthostatic Hypotension in Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis

After experiencing upper respiratory-tract symptoms, a 41-year-old woman developed encephalitis with consciousness disturbance and respiratory failure. She had external ophthalmoplegia and facial diplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a brainstem lesion with spared longitudinal pontine bundle...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Murakami, Takenobu, Nakatani-Enomoto, Setsu, Enomoto, Hiroyuki, Takahashi, Yukitoshi, Ugawa, Yoshikazu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine 2019
Materias:
Case Report
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6815904/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31178512
http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.2805-19
Descripción
Sumario:After experiencing upper respiratory-tract symptoms, a 41-year-old woman developed encephalitis with consciousness disturbance and respiratory failure. She had external ophthalmoplegia and facial diplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a brainstem lesion with spared longitudinal pontine bundles. Abnormal findings of the brainstem auditory-evoked potentials and blink reflex supported brainstem damage. The patient was positive for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies. Repeated immunological treatments improved her symptoms, but severe orthostatic hypotension emerged. A head-up tilt test revealed no arginine vasopressin response to hypotension. The atypical symptoms of this case highlighted that the brainstem is one of the pivotal regions in anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

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