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Proteomics Analysis of Lipid Droplets from the Oleaginous Alga Chromochloris zofingiensis Reveals Novel Proteins for Lipid Metabolism
Chromochloris zofingiensis represents an industrially relevant and unique green alga, given its capability of synthesizing triacylglycerol (TAG) and astaxanthin simultaneously for storage in lipid droplets (LDs). To further decipher lipid metabolism, the nitrogen deprivation (ND)-induced LDs from C....
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6818385/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31494267 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2019.01.003 |
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author | Wang, Xiaofei Wei, Hehong Mao, Xuemei Liu, Jin |
author_facet | Wang, Xiaofei Wei, Hehong Mao, Xuemei Liu, Jin |
author_sort | Wang, Xiaofei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chromochloris zofingiensis represents an industrially relevant and unique green alga, given its capability of synthesizing triacylglycerol (TAG) and astaxanthin simultaneously for storage in lipid droplets (LDs). To further decipher lipid metabolism, the nitrogen deprivation (ND)-induced LDs from C. zofingiensis were isolated, purified, and subjected to proteomic analysis. Intriguingly, many C. zofingiensis LD proteins had no orthologs present in LD proteome of the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Seven novel LD proteins (i.e., two functionally unknown proteins, two caleosins, two lipases, and one l-gulonolactone oxidase) and the major LD protein (MLDP), which were all transcriptionally up-regulated by ND, were selected for further investigation. Heterologous expression in yeast demonstrated that all tested LD proteins were localized to LDs and all except the two functionally unknown proteins enabled yeast to produce more TAG. MLDP could restore the phenotype of mldp mutant strain and enhance TAG synthesis in wild-type strain of C. reinhardtii. Although MLDP and caleosins had a comparable abundance in LDs, they responded distinctly to ND at the transcriptional level. The two lipases, instead of functioning as TAG lipases, likely recycled polar lipids to support TAG synthesis. For the first time, we reported that l-gulonolactone oxidase was abundant in LDs and facilitated TAG accumulation. Moreover, we also proposed a novel working model for C. zofingiensis LDs. Taken together, our work unravels the unique characteristics of C. zofingiensis LDs and provides insights into algal LD biogenesis and TAG synthesis, which would facilitate genetic engineering of this alga for TAG improvement. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6818385 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68183852019-11-01 Proteomics Analysis of Lipid Droplets from the Oleaginous Alga Chromochloris zofingiensis Reveals Novel Proteins for Lipid Metabolism Wang, Xiaofei Wei, Hehong Mao, Xuemei Liu, Jin Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics Original Research Chromochloris zofingiensis represents an industrially relevant and unique green alga, given its capability of synthesizing triacylglycerol (TAG) and astaxanthin simultaneously for storage in lipid droplets (LDs). To further decipher lipid metabolism, the nitrogen deprivation (ND)-induced LDs from C. zofingiensis were isolated, purified, and subjected to proteomic analysis. Intriguingly, many C. zofingiensis LD proteins had no orthologs present in LD proteome of the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Seven novel LD proteins (i.e., two functionally unknown proteins, two caleosins, two lipases, and one l-gulonolactone oxidase) and the major LD protein (MLDP), which were all transcriptionally up-regulated by ND, were selected for further investigation. Heterologous expression in yeast demonstrated that all tested LD proteins were localized to LDs and all except the two functionally unknown proteins enabled yeast to produce more TAG. MLDP could restore the phenotype of mldp mutant strain and enhance TAG synthesis in wild-type strain of C. reinhardtii. Although MLDP and caleosins had a comparable abundance in LDs, they responded distinctly to ND at the transcriptional level. The two lipases, instead of functioning as TAG lipases, likely recycled polar lipids to support TAG synthesis. For the first time, we reported that l-gulonolactone oxidase was abundant in LDs and facilitated TAG accumulation. Moreover, we also proposed a novel working model for C. zofingiensis LDs. Taken together, our work unravels the unique characteristics of C. zofingiensis LDs and provides insights into algal LD biogenesis and TAG synthesis, which would facilitate genetic engineering of this alga for TAG improvement. Elsevier 2019-06 2019-09-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6818385/ /pubmed/31494267 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2019.01.003 Text en © 2019 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Original Research Wang, Xiaofei Wei, Hehong Mao, Xuemei Liu, Jin Proteomics Analysis of Lipid Droplets from the Oleaginous Alga Chromochloris zofingiensis Reveals Novel Proteins for Lipid Metabolism |
title | Proteomics Analysis of Lipid Droplets from the Oleaginous Alga Chromochloris zofingiensis Reveals Novel Proteins for Lipid Metabolism |
title_full | Proteomics Analysis of Lipid Droplets from the Oleaginous Alga Chromochloris zofingiensis Reveals Novel Proteins for Lipid Metabolism |
title_fullStr | Proteomics Analysis of Lipid Droplets from the Oleaginous Alga Chromochloris zofingiensis Reveals Novel Proteins for Lipid Metabolism |
title_full_unstemmed | Proteomics Analysis of Lipid Droplets from the Oleaginous Alga Chromochloris zofingiensis Reveals Novel Proteins for Lipid Metabolism |
title_short | Proteomics Analysis of Lipid Droplets from the Oleaginous Alga Chromochloris zofingiensis Reveals Novel Proteins for Lipid Metabolism |
title_sort | proteomics analysis of lipid droplets from the oleaginous alga chromochloris zofingiensis reveals novel proteins for lipid metabolism |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6818385/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31494267 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2019.01.003 |
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