Synchronous quadruple primary malignancies of the cervix, endometrium, ovary, and stomach in a single patient: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) has increased due to the improvements and development of diagnostic techniques, in conjunction with extended life span. Notably however, reports of synchronous quadruple primary malignancies remain extremely rare. CASE SUMMARY: Herein we describe the case of a 56-year-old woman who was diagnosed with synchronous quadruple multiple primary cancers, namely an endocervical adenocarcinoma admixed with neuroendocrine features, localized endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma, unilateral endometrioid ovarian carcinoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. All four of these tumors were removed in one combined surgical procedure. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge the above-described combination of multiple synchronous primary malignancies has not been previously reported. The nature of the association between them is unknown. Further research should focus on the etiology and mechanisms involved in MPMs.