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Acute Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Acute Toxoplasma infection (ATI) during pregnancy, if left untreated, can cause severe adverse outcomes for the fetus and newborn. Here, we undertook a meta-analysis to estimate the worldwide prevalence of ATI in pregnant women. METHODS: We searched international databases for studies pu...

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Autores principales: Rostami, Ali, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G., Gamble, H. Ray, Fakhri, Yadolah, Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour, Foroutan, Masoud, Behniafar, Hamed, Taghipour, Ali, Maldonado, Yvonne A., Mokdad, Ali H., Gasser, Robin B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6822777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31609966
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007807
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author Rostami, Ali
Riahi, Seyed Mohammad
Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G.
Gamble, H. Ray
Fakhri, Yadolah
Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour
Foroutan, Masoud
Behniafar, Hamed
Taghipour, Ali
Maldonado, Yvonne A.
Mokdad, Ali H.
Gasser, Robin B.
author_facet Rostami, Ali
Riahi, Seyed Mohammad
Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G.
Gamble, H. Ray
Fakhri, Yadolah
Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour
Foroutan, Masoud
Behniafar, Hamed
Taghipour, Ali
Maldonado, Yvonne A.
Mokdad, Ali H.
Gasser, Robin B.
author_sort Rostami, Ali
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Acute Toxoplasma infection (ATI) during pregnancy, if left untreated, can cause severe adverse outcomes for the fetus and newborn. Here, we undertook a meta-analysis to estimate the worldwide prevalence of ATI in pregnant women. METHODS: We searched international databases for studies published between January 1988 and November 2018. We included population-based cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies that reported the prevalence of ATI in pregnant women. Data were synthesized using a random effect model to calculate the overall prevalence of ATI (with a 95% CI) in six WHO regions and globally. We also performed linear meta-regression analyses to investigate associations of maternal, socio-demographic, geographical and climate parameters with the prevalence of ATI. RESULTS: In total, 217 studies comprising 902,228 pregnant women across 74 countries were included in the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of ATI in pregnant women globally was 1.1% (95% CI: 0.9–1.2%). In studies where more strict criteria for ATI were used, the overall prevalence was 0.6% (95% CI: 0.4–0.7%). The prevalence was highest in the Eastern Mediterranean region (2.5%; 95%CI: 1.7–3.4%) and lowest in the European region (0.5%; 95% CI: 0.4–0.7%). A significantly higher prevalence of ATI was found in countries with lower income levels (P = 0.027), lower human development indices (P = 0.04), higher temperatures (P = 0.02) and lower latitudes (P = 0.005) and longitudes (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of acquiring ATI during gestation is clinically important and preventive measures to avoid exposure of pregnant women to Toxoplasma infection should be strictly applied.
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spelling pubmed-68227772019-11-12 Acute Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis Rostami, Ali Riahi, Seyed Mohammad Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G. Gamble, H. Ray Fakhri, Yadolah Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour Foroutan, Masoud Behniafar, Hamed Taghipour, Ali Maldonado, Yvonne A. Mokdad, Ali H. Gasser, Robin B. PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Acute Toxoplasma infection (ATI) during pregnancy, if left untreated, can cause severe adverse outcomes for the fetus and newborn. Here, we undertook a meta-analysis to estimate the worldwide prevalence of ATI in pregnant women. METHODS: We searched international databases for studies published between January 1988 and November 2018. We included population-based cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies that reported the prevalence of ATI in pregnant women. Data were synthesized using a random effect model to calculate the overall prevalence of ATI (with a 95% CI) in six WHO regions and globally. We also performed linear meta-regression analyses to investigate associations of maternal, socio-demographic, geographical and climate parameters with the prevalence of ATI. RESULTS: In total, 217 studies comprising 902,228 pregnant women across 74 countries were included in the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of ATI in pregnant women globally was 1.1% (95% CI: 0.9–1.2%). In studies where more strict criteria for ATI were used, the overall prevalence was 0.6% (95% CI: 0.4–0.7%). The prevalence was highest in the Eastern Mediterranean region (2.5%; 95%CI: 1.7–3.4%) and lowest in the European region (0.5%; 95% CI: 0.4–0.7%). A significantly higher prevalence of ATI was found in countries with lower income levels (P = 0.027), lower human development indices (P = 0.04), higher temperatures (P = 0.02) and lower latitudes (P = 0.005) and longitudes (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of acquiring ATI during gestation is clinically important and preventive measures to avoid exposure of pregnant women to Toxoplasma infection should be strictly applied. Public Library of Science 2019-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6822777/ /pubmed/31609966 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007807 Text en © 2019 Rostami et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Rostami, Ali
Riahi, Seyed Mohammad
Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G.
Gamble, H. Ray
Fakhri, Yadolah
Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour
Foroutan, Masoud
Behniafar, Hamed
Taghipour, Ali
Maldonado, Yvonne A.
Mokdad, Ali H.
Gasser, Robin B.
Acute Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title Acute Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Acute Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Acute Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Acute Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Acute Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort acute toxoplasma infection in pregnant women worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6822777/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31609966
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007807
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