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Correlation of axial length and myopic macular degeneration to levels of molecular factors in the aqueous
To elucidate the molecular processes associated with the development of myopic macular degeneration (MMD), we measured the intraocular concentrations of molecular factors in emmetropic and myopic eyes. This is a retrospective clinic-based case-control study that included eyes undergoing routine cata...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6823508/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31673022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52156-y |
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author | Wong, Chee Wai Yanagi, Yasuo Tsai, Andrew Shih Hsiang Shihabuddeen, Waseem Ahamed Cheung, Ning Lee, Shu Yen Jonas, Jost B. Cheung, Chui Ming Gemmy |
author_facet | Wong, Chee Wai Yanagi, Yasuo Tsai, Andrew Shih Hsiang Shihabuddeen, Waseem Ahamed Cheung, Ning Lee, Shu Yen Jonas, Jost B. Cheung, Chui Ming Gemmy |
author_sort | Wong, Chee Wai |
collection | PubMed |
description | To elucidate the molecular processes associated with the development of myopic macular degeneration (MMD), we measured the intraocular concentrations of molecular factors in emmetropic and myopic eyes. This is a retrospective clinic-based case-control study that included eyes undergoing routine cataract surgery whereby aqueous humour samples were obtained. We measured the concentrations of pigment epithelium derived factor(PEDF), matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor isoform A(VEGF-A), interleukin 8(IL-8), interleukin 6(IL-6), C-reactive protein(CRP), angiopoietin 2(Ang2), and amphiregulin. 38 eyes (axial length (AL): 22.4–32.4 mm), including 12 highly myopic (HM) eyes (AL ≥ 26.5 mm) without MMD and 12 HM eyes with MMD but without neovascularization were included. Eyes with MMD were found to have significantly lower VEGF-A levels (p = 0.007) and higher MMP-2 levels (p = 0.02) than control eyes after adjusting for age and gender. MMP-2 levels correlated positively (r = 0.58, p = 0.002), while VEGF-A levels correlated negatively with longer axial length (r = −0.75, p < 0.001). Both the concentrations of VEGF-A (P = 0.25) and MMP-2 (P = 0.69) were not significantly associated with MMD after adjusting for AL. These findings suggest that the predominant mechanism underlying the development of non-neovascular MMD may be axial elongation, driven in part by MMP-2 related mechanisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6823508 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68235082019-11-12 Correlation of axial length and myopic macular degeneration to levels of molecular factors in the aqueous Wong, Chee Wai Yanagi, Yasuo Tsai, Andrew Shih Hsiang Shihabuddeen, Waseem Ahamed Cheung, Ning Lee, Shu Yen Jonas, Jost B. Cheung, Chui Ming Gemmy Sci Rep Article To elucidate the molecular processes associated with the development of myopic macular degeneration (MMD), we measured the intraocular concentrations of molecular factors in emmetropic and myopic eyes. This is a retrospective clinic-based case-control study that included eyes undergoing routine cataract surgery whereby aqueous humour samples were obtained. We measured the concentrations of pigment epithelium derived factor(PEDF), matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor isoform A(VEGF-A), interleukin 8(IL-8), interleukin 6(IL-6), C-reactive protein(CRP), angiopoietin 2(Ang2), and amphiregulin. 38 eyes (axial length (AL): 22.4–32.4 mm), including 12 highly myopic (HM) eyes (AL ≥ 26.5 mm) without MMD and 12 HM eyes with MMD but without neovascularization were included. Eyes with MMD were found to have significantly lower VEGF-A levels (p = 0.007) and higher MMP-2 levels (p = 0.02) than control eyes after adjusting for age and gender. MMP-2 levels correlated positively (r = 0.58, p = 0.002), while VEGF-A levels correlated negatively with longer axial length (r = −0.75, p < 0.001). Both the concentrations of VEGF-A (P = 0.25) and MMP-2 (P = 0.69) were not significantly associated with MMD after adjusting for AL. These findings suggest that the predominant mechanism underlying the development of non-neovascular MMD may be axial elongation, driven in part by MMP-2 related mechanisms. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-10-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6823508/ /pubmed/31673022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52156-y Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Wong, Chee Wai Yanagi, Yasuo Tsai, Andrew Shih Hsiang Shihabuddeen, Waseem Ahamed Cheung, Ning Lee, Shu Yen Jonas, Jost B. Cheung, Chui Ming Gemmy Correlation of axial length and myopic macular degeneration to levels of molecular factors in the aqueous |
title | Correlation of axial length and myopic macular degeneration to levels of molecular factors in the aqueous |
title_full | Correlation of axial length and myopic macular degeneration to levels of molecular factors in the aqueous |
title_fullStr | Correlation of axial length and myopic macular degeneration to levels of molecular factors in the aqueous |
title_full_unstemmed | Correlation of axial length and myopic macular degeneration to levels of molecular factors in the aqueous |
title_short | Correlation of axial length and myopic macular degeneration to levels of molecular factors in the aqueous |
title_sort | correlation of axial length and myopic macular degeneration to levels of molecular factors in the aqueous |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6823508/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31673022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52156-y |
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