Congenital hemangioma of the face—Value of fetal MRI with prenatal ultrasound

We report the presentation, workup, and pre/perinatal management of a fetus with a large congenital hemangioma of the face. Hemangiomas are benign vascular neoplasms frequently encountered in neonates and infants. The less common congenital variant develops in utero and can present on prenatal ultrasound with diagnostic uncertainty as well as clinical implications for delivery. The differential diagnosis for these solid vascular masses when located in the head and neck includes myofibroma, kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, teratoma, and encephalocele. Potential clinical issues relate to size and location of the mass and include airway obstruction, disruption in development or compression of the globe, invasion into the cranial vault, bleeding and ulceration, and high output heart failure. Prenatal ultrasound and MRI play an important role in the diagnosis of congenital hemangiomas and planning for delivery and immediate postnatal cares.