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Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of diffuse liver disease. An accurate estimate of the fat in the liver is important in the diagnostic work-up of patients with NAFLD because the degree of liver steatosis is linked to the metabolic syndrome and the cardiovascular risk. U...

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Autores principales: Ferraioli, Giovanna, Soares Monteiro, Livia Beatriz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6824276/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31686762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i40.6053
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author Ferraioli, Giovanna
Soares Monteiro, Livia Beatriz
author_facet Ferraioli, Giovanna
Soares Monteiro, Livia Beatriz
author_sort Ferraioli, Giovanna
collection PubMed
description Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of diffuse liver disease. An accurate estimate of the fat in the liver is important in the diagnostic work-up of patients with NAFLD because the degree of liver steatosis is linked to the metabolic syndrome and the cardiovascular risk. Ultrasound (US) B-mode imaging allows to subjectively estimate the fatty infiltration in the liver; however, it has a low performance for the detection of mild steatosis. Quantitative US is based on the analysis of the radiofrequency echoes detected by an US system, and it allows to calculate a backscatter coefficient or an attenuation coefficient or the sound speed. The estimation of the backscatter coefficient is rather cumbersome and requires the use of a phantom for addressing all sources of variability. Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) available on the FibroScan(®) system (Echosens, France) measures the attenuation of the US beam. CAP is accurate in grading fatty infiltration-even though there is an overlap between consecutive grade of liver steatosis-and the values are not influenced by liver fibrosis. Several US manufacturers are developing or have already developed software for quantifying the attenuation of the US beam. Preliminary results show that proprietary technologies implemented in US systems seem more accurate than CAP for grading liver steatosis. Another available method for quantifying liver steatosis is based on the computation of the sound speed and the initial results appear promising.
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spelling pubmed-68242762019-11-04 Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis Ferraioli, Giovanna Soares Monteiro, Livia Beatriz World J Gastroenterol Minireviews Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of diffuse liver disease. An accurate estimate of the fat in the liver is important in the diagnostic work-up of patients with NAFLD because the degree of liver steatosis is linked to the metabolic syndrome and the cardiovascular risk. Ultrasound (US) B-mode imaging allows to subjectively estimate the fatty infiltration in the liver; however, it has a low performance for the detection of mild steatosis. Quantitative US is based on the analysis of the radiofrequency echoes detected by an US system, and it allows to calculate a backscatter coefficient or an attenuation coefficient or the sound speed. The estimation of the backscatter coefficient is rather cumbersome and requires the use of a phantom for addressing all sources of variability. Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) available on the FibroScan(®) system (Echosens, France) measures the attenuation of the US beam. CAP is accurate in grading fatty infiltration-even though there is an overlap between consecutive grade of liver steatosis-and the values are not influenced by liver fibrosis. Several US manufacturers are developing or have already developed software for quantifying the attenuation of the US beam. Preliminary results show that proprietary technologies implemented in US systems seem more accurate than CAP for grading liver steatosis. Another available method for quantifying liver steatosis is based on the computation of the sound speed and the initial results appear promising. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2019-10-28 2019-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6824276/ /pubmed/31686762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i40.6053 Text en ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.
spellingShingle Minireviews
Ferraioli, Giovanna
Soares Monteiro, Livia Beatriz
Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis
title Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis
title_full Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis
title_fullStr Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis
title_full_unstemmed Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis
title_short Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis
title_sort ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis
topic Minireviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6824276/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31686762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i40.6053
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