Kyphosis and canal compromise due to refracturing of an L1 cemented vertebra managed with posterior surgery alone

BACKGROUND: An already cemented vertebral body rarely refractures and its occurrence may be signaled by the reappearance of pain and/or significant vertebral collapse/kyphosis resulting in canal compromise and neurological deterioration. CASE DESCRIPTION: An 81-year-old male originally underwent an L1 kyphoplasty for an osteoporotic compression fracture. Nine months later, he presented with the late onset of recurrent collapse of the cemented vertebral body, leading to pain, kyphosis, and canal compromise. Surgery warranted total L1 corpectomy, reconstruction of the anterior column, and a posterior fixation through a purely posterior approach (posterior vertebral column resection [pVCR]). CONCLUSION: Here, we presented the safety/efficacy of utilizing a purely posterior approach (e.g., including L1 corpectomy, reconstruction of the anterior column, and posterior fusion: pVCR) in the management of a repeated fracture of a cemented L1 vertebra resulting in kyphosis and canal compromise.