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Implications of Gene Inheritance Patterns on the Heterosis of Abdominal Fat Deposition in Chickens

Heterosis, a phenomenon characterized by the superior performance of hybrid individuals relative to their parents, has been widely utilized in livestock and crop breeding, while the underlying genetic basis remains elusive in chickens. Here, we performed a reciprocal crossing experiment with broiler...

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Autores principales: Mai, Chunning, Wen, Chaoliang, Sun, Congjiao, Xu, Zhiyuan, Chen, Sirui, Yang, Ning
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6826362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31635393
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10100824
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author Mai, Chunning
Wen, Chaoliang
Sun, Congjiao
Xu, Zhiyuan
Chen, Sirui
Yang, Ning
author_facet Mai, Chunning
Wen, Chaoliang
Sun, Congjiao
Xu, Zhiyuan
Chen, Sirui
Yang, Ning
author_sort Mai, Chunning
collection PubMed
description Heterosis, a phenomenon characterized by the superior performance of hybrid individuals relative to their parents, has been widely utilized in livestock and crop breeding, while the underlying genetic basis remains elusive in chickens. Here, we performed a reciprocal crossing experiment with broiler and layer chickens and conducted RNA sequencing on liver tissues for reciprocal crosses and their parental lines to identify inheritance patterns of gene expression. Our results showed that heterosis of the abdominal fat percentage was 69.28%–154.71% in reciprocal crosses. Over-dominant genes of reciprocal crosses were significantly enriched in three biological pathways, namely, butanoate metabolism, the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, and valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation. Among these shared over-dominant genes, we found that a lipid-related gene, HMGCL, was enriched in these pathways. Furthermore, we validated this gene as over-dominant using qRT-PCR. Although no shared significant pathway was detected in the high-parent dominant genes of reciprocal crosses, high-parent dominant gene expression was the major gene inheritance pattern in reciprocal crosses and we could not exclude the effect of high-parent dominant genes. These findings suggest that non-additive genes play important roles in the heterosis of important traits in chickens and have important implications regarding our understanding of heterosis.
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spelling pubmed-68263622019-11-18 Implications of Gene Inheritance Patterns on the Heterosis of Abdominal Fat Deposition in Chickens Mai, Chunning Wen, Chaoliang Sun, Congjiao Xu, Zhiyuan Chen, Sirui Yang, Ning Genes (Basel) Article Heterosis, a phenomenon characterized by the superior performance of hybrid individuals relative to their parents, has been widely utilized in livestock and crop breeding, while the underlying genetic basis remains elusive in chickens. Here, we performed a reciprocal crossing experiment with broiler and layer chickens and conducted RNA sequencing on liver tissues for reciprocal crosses and their parental lines to identify inheritance patterns of gene expression. Our results showed that heterosis of the abdominal fat percentage was 69.28%–154.71% in reciprocal crosses. Over-dominant genes of reciprocal crosses were significantly enriched in three biological pathways, namely, butanoate metabolism, the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, and valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation. Among these shared over-dominant genes, we found that a lipid-related gene, HMGCL, was enriched in these pathways. Furthermore, we validated this gene as over-dominant using qRT-PCR. Although no shared significant pathway was detected in the high-parent dominant genes of reciprocal crosses, high-parent dominant gene expression was the major gene inheritance pattern in reciprocal crosses and we could not exclude the effect of high-parent dominant genes. These findings suggest that non-additive genes play important roles in the heterosis of important traits in chickens and have important implications regarding our understanding of heterosis. MDPI 2019-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6826362/ /pubmed/31635393 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10100824 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Mai, Chunning
Wen, Chaoliang
Sun, Congjiao
Xu, Zhiyuan
Chen, Sirui
Yang, Ning
Implications of Gene Inheritance Patterns on the Heterosis of Abdominal Fat Deposition in Chickens
title Implications of Gene Inheritance Patterns on the Heterosis of Abdominal Fat Deposition in Chickens
title_full Implications of Gene Inheritance Patterns on the Heterosis of Abdominal Fat Deposition in Chickens
title_fullStr Implications of Gene Inheritance Patterns on the Heterosis of Abdominal Fat Deposition in Chickens
title_full_unstemmed Implications of Gene Inheritance Patterns on the Heterosis of Abdominal Fat Deposition in Chickens
title_short Implications of Gene Inheritance Patterns on the Heterosis of Abdominal Fat Deposition in Chickens
title_sort implications of gene inheritance patterns on the heterosis of abdominal fat deposition in chickens
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6826362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31635393
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10100824
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