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Non-Random Distribution of Reciprocal Translocation Breakpoints in the Pig Genome

Balanced chromosome rearrangements are one of the main etiological factors contributing to hypoprolificacy in the domestic pig. Amongst domestic animals, the pig is considered to have the highest prevalence of chromosome rearrangements. To date over 200 unique chromosome rearrangements have been ide...

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Autores principales: Donaldson, Brendan, Villagomez, Daniel A. F., Revay, Tamas, Rezaei, Samira, King, W. Allan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6826608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31575040
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10100769
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author Donaldson, Brendan
Villagomez, Daniel A. F.
Revay, Tamas
Rezaei, Samira
King, W. Allan
author_facet Donaldson, Brendan
Villagomez, Daniel A. F.
Revay, Tamas
Rezaei, Samira
King, W. Allan
author_sort Donaldson, Brendan
collection PubMed
description Balanced chromosome rearrangements are one of the main etiological factors contributing to hypoprolificacy in the domestic pig. Amongst domestic animals, the pig is considered to have the highest prevalence of chromosome rearrangements. To date over 200 unique chromosome rearrangements have been identified. The factors predisposing pigs to chromosome rearrangements, however, remain poorly understood. Nevertheless, here we provide empirical evidence which sustains the notion that there is a non-random distribution of chromosomal rearrangement breakpoints in the pig genome. We sought to establish if there are structural chromosome factors near which rearrangement breakpoints preferentially occur. The distribution of rearrangement breakpoints was analyzed across three level, chromosomes, chromosome arms, and cytogenetic GTG-bands (G-banding using trypsin and giemsa). The frequency of illegitimate exchanges (e.g., reciprocal translocations) between individual chromosomes and chromosome arms appeared to be independent of chromosome length and centromere position. Meanwhile chromosome breakpoints were overrepresented on some specific G-bands, defining chromosome hotspots for ectopic exchanges. Cytogenetic band level factors, such as the length of bands, chromatin density, and presence of fragile sites, were associated with the presence of translocation breakpoints. The characteristics of these bands were largely similar to that of hotspots in the human genome. Therefore, those hotspots are proposed as a starting point for future molecular analyses into the genomic landscape of porcine chromosome rearrangements.
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spelling pubmed-68266082019-11-18 Non-Random Distribution of Reciprocal Translocation Breakpoints in the Pig Genome Donaldson, Brendan Villagomez, Daniel A. F. Revay, Tamas Rezaei, Samira King, W. Allan Genes (Basel) Article Balanced chromosome rearrangements are one of the main etiological factors contributing to hypoprolificacy in the domestic pig. Amongst domestic animals, the pig is considered to have the highest prevalence of chromosome rearrangements. To date over 200 unique chromosome rearrangements have been identified. The factors predisposing pigs to chromosome rearrangements, however, remain poorly understood. Nevertheless, here we provide empirical evidence which sustains the notion that there is a non-random distribution of chromosomal rearrangement breakpoints in the pig genome. We sought to establish if there are structural chromosome factors near which rearrangement breakpoints preferentially occur. The distribution of rearrangement breakpoints was analyzed across three level, chromosomes, chromosome arms, and cytogenetic GTG-bands (G-banding using trypsin and giemsa). The frequency of illegitimate exchanges (e.g., reciprocal translocations) between individual chromosomes and chromosome arms appeared to be independent of chromosome length and centromere position. Meanwhile chromosome breakpoints were overrepresented on some specific G-bands, defining chromosome hotspots for ectopic exchanges. Cytogenetic band level factors, such as the length of bands, chromatin density, and presence of fragile sites, were associated with the presence of translocation breakpoints. The characteristics of these bands were largely similar to that of hotspots in the human genome. Therefore, those hotspots are proposed as a starting point for future molecular analyses into the genomic landscape of porcine chromosome rearrangements. MDPI 2019-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6826608/ /pubmed/31575040 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10100769 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Donaldson, Brendan
Villagomez, Daniel A. F.
Revay, Tamas
Rezaei, Samira
King, W. Allan
Non-Random Distribution of Reciprocal Translocation Breakpoints in the Pig Genome
title Non-Random Distribution of Reciprocal Translocation Breakpoints in the Pig Genome
title_full Non-Random Distribution of Reciprocal Translocation Breakpoints in the Pig Genome
title_fullStr Non-Random Distribution of Reciprocal Translocation Breakpoints in the Pig Genome
title_full_unstemmed Non-Random Distribution of Reciprocal Translocation Breakpoints in the Pig Genome
title_short Non-Random Distribution of Reciprocal Translocation Breakpoints in the Pig Genome
title_sort non-random distribution of reciprocal translocation breakpoints in the pig genome
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6826608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31575040
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10100769
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