The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity

Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is a well-known natural anthocyanin and possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The catabolism of C3G in the gastrointestinal tract could produce bioactive phenolic metabolites, such as protocatechuic acid, phloroglucinaldehyde, vanillic acid, and ferulic a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Tan, Jijun, Li, Yanli, Hou, De-Xing, Wu, Shusong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6826635/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31614770
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100479
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author Tan, Jijun
Li, Yanli
Hou, De-Xing
Wu, Shusong
author_facet Tan, Jijun
Li, Yanli
Hou, De-Xing
Wu, Shusong
author_sort Tan, Jijun
collection PubMed
description Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is a well-known natural anthocyanin and possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The catabolism of C3G in the gastrointestinal tract could produce bioactive phenolic metabolites, such as protocatechuic acid, phloroglucinaldehyde, vanillic acid, and ferulic acid, which enhance C3G bioavailability and contribute to both mucosal barrier and microbiota. To get an overview of the function and mechanisms of C3G and its phenolic metabolites, we review the accumulated data of the absorption and catabolism of C3G in the gastrointestine, and attempt to give crosstalk between the phenolic metabolites, gut microbiota, and mucosal innate immune signaling pathways.
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spelling pubmed-68266352019-11-18 The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity Tan, Jijun Li, Yanli Hou, De-Xing Wu, Shusong Antioxidants (Basel) Review Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is a well-known natural anthocyanin and possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The catabolism of C3G in the gastrointestinal tract could produce bioactive phenolic metabolites, such as protocatechuic acid, phloroglucinaldehyde, vanillic acid, and ferulic acid, which enhance C3G bioavailability and contribute to both mucosal barrier and microbiota. To get an overview of the function and mechanisms of C3G and its phenolic metabolites, we review the accumulated data of the absorption and catabolism of C3G in the gastrointestine, and attempt to give crosstalk between the phenolic metabolites, gut microbiota, and mucosal innate immune signaling pathways. MDPI 2019-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6826635/ /pubmed/31614770 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100479 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Tan, Jijun
Li, Yanli
Hou, De-Xing
Wu, Shusong
The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity
title The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity
title_full The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity
title_fullStr The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity
title_full_unstemmed The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity
title_short The Effects and Mechanisms of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside and Its Phenolic Metabolites in Maintaining Intestinal Integrity
title_sort effects and mechanisms of cyanidin-3-glucoside and its phenolic metabolites in maintaining intestinal integrity
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6826635/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31614770
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100479
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