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Neutropenic enterocolitis: A clinico-pathological review

Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE) is a predominantly cecum-based disease with high mortality seen in patients post chemotherapy. The pathogenesis of NE is poorly understood and probably multifactorial involving mucosal injury, neutropenia, and impaired host defense to intestinal organisms. The clinical...

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Autores principales: Xia, Rong, Zhang, Xuchen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6829094/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31692935
http://dx.doi.org/10.4291/wjgp.v10.i3.36
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author Xia, Rong
Zhang, Xuchen
author_facet Xia, Rong
Zhang, Xuchen
author_sort Xia, Rong
collection PubMed
description Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE) is a predominantly cecum-based disease with high mortality seen in patients post chemotherapy. The pathogenesis of NE is poorly understood and probably multifactorial involving mucosal injury, neutropenia, and impaired host defense to intestinal organisms. The clinical presentation is characterized as ileocolonic inflammation and bowel wall thickening in patients with neutropenia, fever, and abdominal pain. The pathological features of NE include patchy necrosis, hemorrhage, ulcer, edema, perforation, infiltrating organisms, and characteristically, depletion of inflammatory cells (neutrophils). NE should always be considered as a possible diagnosis in immunosuppressed patients, especially those receiving chemotherapy. High clinical and histological diagnostic discordance rate exists. High index of clinical suspicion and prompt appropriate personalized management are essential to achieve a lower mortality rate.
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spelling pubmed-68290942019-11-05 Neutropenic enterocolitis: A clinico-pathological review Xia, Rong Zhang, Xuchen World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol Editorial Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE) is a predominantly cecum-based disease with high mortality seen in patients post chemotherapy. The pathogenesis of NE is poorly understood and probably multifactorial involving mucosal injury, neutropenia, and impaired host defense to intestinal organisms. The clinical presentation is characterized as ileocolonic inflammation and bowel wall thickening in patients with neutropenia, fever, and abdominal pain. The pathological features of NE include patchy necrosis, hemorrhage, ulcer, edema, perforation, infiltrating organisms, and characteristically, depletion of inflammatory cells (neutrophils). NE should always be considered as a possible diagnosis in immunosuppressed patients, especially those receiving chemotherapy. High clinical and histological diagnostic discordance rate exists. High index of clinical suspicion and prompt appropriate personalized management are essential to achieve a lower mortality rate. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2019-10-15 2019-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6829094/ /pubmed/31692935 http://dx.doi.org/10.4291/wjgp.v10.i3.36 Text en ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.
spellingShingle Editorial
Xia, Rong
Zhang, Xuchen
Neutropenic enterocolitis: A clinico-pathological review
title Neutropenic enterocolitis: A clinico-pathological review
title_full Neutropenic enterocolitis: A clinico-pathological review
title_fullStr Neutropenic enterocolitis: A clinico-pathological review
title_full_unstemmed Neutropenic enterocolitis: A clinico-pathological review
title_short Neutropenic enterocolitis: A clinico-pathological review
title_sort neutropenic enterocolitis: a clinico-pathological review
topic Editorial
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6829094/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31692935
http://dx.doi.org/10.4291/wjgp.v10.i3.36
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