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The pitfall of empathic concern with chronic fatigue after a disaster in young adults
BACKGROUND: Empathic concern (EC) is an important interpersonal resilience factor that represents positive adaptation, such as “relating to others” (a factor of posttraumatic growth [PTG]) after disaster. However, controversy exists regarding whether the changes in EC (e.g., the intra-personal chang...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6829815/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31684912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2323-0 |
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author | Nakagawa, Seishu Sugiura, Motoaki Sekiguchi, Atsushi Kotozaki, Yuka Miyauchi, Carlos Makoto Hanawa, Sugiko Araki, Tsuyoshi Sakuma, Atsushi Kawashima, Ryuta |
author_facet | Nakagawa, Seishu Sugiura, Motoaki Sekiguchi, Atsushi Kotozaki, Yuka Miyauchi, Carlos Makoto Hanawa, Sugiko Araki, Tsuyoshi Sakuma, Atsushi Kawashima, Ryuta |
author_sort | Nakagawa, Seishu |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Empathic concern (EC) is an important interpersonal resilience factor that represents positive adaptation, such as “relating to others” (a factor of posttraumatic growth [PTG]) after disaster. However, controversy exists regarding whether the changes in EC (e.g., the intra-personal change between the acute phase and the disillusionment phase) positively or negatively affect mental health after a disaster. We hypothesized that increased EC may increase chronic fatigue due to over-adjustment (hypothesis 1). We also hypothesized that increasing the changes in “relating to others” could decrease the changes in chronic fatigue (hypothesis 2). METHODS: Forty-nine young, healthy volunteers (M/F: 36/13; age at 3 months after the disaster [3 months]: mean ± SD: 21.1 ± 1.7 years) underwent assessments of EC using the Japanese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, chronic fatigue using the Japanese version of the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS-J) questionnaire, and “relating to others” using the Japanese version of the PTG inventory during the acute phase (3 months) and the disillusionment phase (1 year after the disaster). Pearson product moment correlations at 3 months and 1 year were determined for all scores related to EC. The changes (delta = degree of change from 3 months to 1 year) or scores at 1 year were entered into linear structural equation systems to test the hypotheses. RESULTS: The delta of EC positively affected the delta of the CIS-J, and the delta of relating to others negatively affected the delta of the CIS-J. Both the EC and relating to others scores were negatively associated with the CIS-J score at 1 year. These results were in accordance with hypothesis 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated the opposite effects of 2 types of ECs, i.e., stability (inherent disposition) and flexibility (degree of change), on the degree of chronic fatigue. Increasing EC with increasing chronic fatigue, but not the change in relating to others, may be a red flag for individuals during the disillusionment phase. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6829815 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68298152019-11-07 The pitfall of empathic concern with chronic fatigue after a disaster in young adults Nakagawa, Seishu Sugiura, Motoaki Sekiguchi, Atsushi Kotozaki, Yuka Miyauchi, Carlos Makoto Hanawa, Sugiko Araki, Tsuyoshi Sakuma, Atsushi Kawashima, Ryuta BMC Psychiatry Research Article BACKGROUND: Empathic concern (EC) is an important interpersonal resilience factor that represents positive adaptation, such as “relating to others” (a factor of posttraumatic growth [PTG]) after disaster. However, controversy exists regarding whether the changes in EC (e.g., the intra-personal change between the acute phase and the disillusionment phase) positively or negatively affect mental health after a disaster. We hypothesized that increased EC may increase chronic fatigue due to over-adjustment (hypothesis 1). We also hypothesized that increasing the changes in “relating to others” could decrease the changes in chronic fatigue (hypothesis 2). METHODS: Forty-nine young, healthy volunteers (M/F: 36/13; age at 3 months after the disaster [3 months]: mean ± SD: 21.1 ± 1.7 years) underwent assessments of EC using the Japanese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, chronic fatigue using the Japanese version of the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS-J) questionnaire, and “relating to others” using the Japanese version of the PTG inventory during the acute phase (3 months) and the disillusionment phase (1 year after the disaster). Pearson product moment correlations at 3 months and 1 year were determined for all scores related to EC. The changes (delta = degree of change from 3 months to 1 year) or scores at 1 year were entered into linear structural equation systems to test the hypotheses. RESULTS: The delta of EC positively affected the delta of the CIS-J, and the delta of relating to others negatively affected the delta of the CIS-J. Both the EC and relating to others scores were negatively associated with the CIS-J score at 1 year. These results were in accordance with hypothesis 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated the opposite effects of 2 types of ECs, i.e., stability (inherent disposition) and flexibility (degree of change), on the degree of chronic fatigue. Increasing EC with increasing chronic fatigue, but not the change in relating to others, may be a red flag for individuals during the disillusionment phase. BioMed Central 2019-11-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6829815/ /pubmed/31684912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2323-0 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Nakagawa, Seishu Sugiura, Motoaki Sekiguchi, Atsushi Kotozaki, Yuka Miyauchi, Carlos Makoto Hanawa, Sugiko Araki, Tsuyoshi Sakuma, Atsushi Kawashima, Ryuta The pitfall of empathic concern with chronic fatigue after a disaster in young adults |
title | The pitfall of empathic concern with chronic fatigue after a disaster in young adults |
title_full | The pitfall of empathic concern with chronic fatigue after a disaster in young adults |
title_fullStr | The pitfall of empathic concern with chronic fatigue after a disaster in young adults |
title_full_unstemmed | The pitfall of empathic concern with chronic fatigue after a disaster in young adults |
title_short | The pitfall of empathic concern with chronic fatigue after a disaster in young adults |
title_sort | pitfall of empathic concern with chronic fatigue after a disaster in young adults |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6829815/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31684912 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2323-0 |
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