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What's New in the Pathophysiology of Alopecia Areata? The Possible Contribution of Skin and Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Alopecia – Big Opportunities, Big Challenges, and Novel Perspectives
The term “microbiome” defines the collective genome of all commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microbes living in the human body. The composition of microbiota in the gut and skin is influenced by many factors such as the stage of life, nutrition, lifestyle, and gender. In the past few years, sever...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6830027/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31728100 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijt.ijt_76_19 |
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author | Migacz-Gruszka, Kamila Branicki, Wojciech Obtulowicz, Aleksander Pirowska, Magdalena Gruszka, Krystian Wojas-Pelc, Anna |
author_facet | Migacz-Gruszka, Kamila Branicki, Wojciech Obtulowicz, Aleksander Pirowska, Magdalena Gruszka, Krystian Wojas-Pelc, Anna |
author_sort | Migacz-Gruszka, Kamila |
collection | PubMed |
description | The term “microbiome” defines the collective genome of all commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microbes living in the human body. The composition of microbiota in the gut and skin is influenced by many factors such as the stage of life, nutrition, lifestyle, and gender. In the past few years, several scientific papers have demonstrated an implication of microbiota in many immune-mediated diseases, for example, diabetes, ulcerative colitis, and multiple sclerosis. The alterations in the proportion of gut microbiota have emerged as potential immunomodulators with the capacity to induce physiologic as well as pathologic immune responses against the human body, causing inflammation and destruction of tissues or organs. The microbiota influences the differentiation of adaptive immune cells not only in the gut but also in the skin. Alopecia areata (AA) is a dermatologic disorder which causes hair loss in most cases resistant to treatment. There are some clinical and experimental evidences indicating that AA is the demonstration of autoimmune attack against hair follicles. The factors that may implicate such an autoimmunity in AA still remain unknown. Despite more and more evidences demonstrate that human microbiome plays a key role in human health and diseases, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted to analyze an implication of microbiome in the pathogenesis of AA. Undoubtedly, there is a need to performing a study which might explain the involvement of gut and skin microbiota in the unclear pathogenesis of AA and lead to alternative treatment options for numerous patients suffering from current treatment limitations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6830027 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer - Medknow |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68300272019-11-14 What's New in the Pathophysiology of Alopecia Areata? The Possible Contribution of Skin and Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Alopecia – Big Opportunities, Big Challenges, and Novel Perspectives Migacz-Gruszka, Kamila Branicki, Wojciech Obtulowicz, Aleksander Pirowska, Magdalena Gruszka, Krystian Wojas-Pelc, Anna Int J Trichology Review Article The term “microbiome” defines the collective genome of all commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microbes living in the human body. The composition of microbiota in the gut and skin is influenced by many factors such as the stage of life, nutrition, lifestyle, and gender. In the past few years, several scientific papers have demonstrated an implication of microbiota in many immune-mediated diseases, for example, diabetes, ulcerative colitis, and multiple sclerosis. The alterations in the proportion of gut microbiota have emerged as potential immunomodulators with the capacity to induce physiologic as well as pathologic immune responses against the human body, causing inflammation and destruction of tissues or organs. The microbiota influences the differentiation of adaptive immune cells not only in the gut but also in the skin. Alopecia areata (AA) is a dermatologic disorder which causes hair loss in most cases resistant to treatment. There are some clinical and experimental evidences indicating that AA is the demonstration of autoimmune attack against hair follicles. The factors that may implicate such an autoimmunity in AA still remain unknown. Despite more and more evidences demonstrate that human microbiome plays a key role in human health and diseases, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted to analyze an implication of microbiome in the pathogenesis of AA. Undoubtedly, there is a need to performing a study which might explain the involvement of gut and skin microbiota in the unclear pathogenesis of AA and lead to alternative treatment options for numerous patients suffering from current treatment limitations. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2019 /pmc/articles/PMC6830027/ /pubmed/31728100 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijt.ijt_76_19 Text en Copyright: © 2019 International Journal of Trichology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Migacz-Gruszka, Kamila Branicki, Wojciech Obtulowicz, Aleksander Pirowska, Magdalena Gruszka, Krystian Wojas-Pelc, Anna What's New in the Pathophysiology of Alopecia Areata? The Possible Contribution of Skin and Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Alopecia – Big Opportunities, Big Challenges, and Novel Perspectives |
title | What's New in the Pathophysiology of Alopecia Areata? The Possible Contribution of Skin and Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Alopecia – Big Opportunities, Big Challenges, and Novel Perspectives |
title_full | What's New in the Pathophysiology of Alopecia Areata? The Possible Contribution of Skin and Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Alopecia – Big Opportunities, Big Challenges, and Novel Perspectives |
title_fullStr | What's New in the Pathophysiology of Alopecia Areata? The Possible Contribution of Skin and Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Alopecia – Big Opportunities, Big Challenges, and Novel Perspectives |
title_full_unstemmed | What's New in the Pathophysiology of Alopecia Areata? The Possible Contribution of Skin and Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Alopecia – Big Opportunities, Big Challenges, and Novel Perspectives |
title_short | What's New in the Pathophysiology of Alopecia Areata? The Possible Contribution of Skin and Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Alopecia – Big Opportunities, Big Challenges, and Novel Perspectives |
title_sort | what's new in the pathophysiology of alopecia areata? the possible contribution of skin and gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of alopecia – big opportunities, big challenges, and novel perspectives |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6830027/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31728100 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijt.ijt_76_19 |
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