Cargando…

Morphology and Phylogenetics of Benthic Prorocentrum Species (Dinophyceae) from Tropical Northwestern Australia

Approximately 70 species of Prorocentrum are known, of which around 30 species are associated with benthic habitats. Some produce okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin (DTX) and their derivatives, which are involved in diarrhetic shellfish poisoning. In this study, we isolated and characterized Proroce...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Verma, Arjun, Kazandjian, Aniuska, Sarowar, Chowdhury, Harwood, D. Tim, Murray, J. Sam, Pargmann, Insa, Hoppenrath, Mona, Murray, Shauna A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6833055/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31574958
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11100571
_version_ 1783466289548754944
author Verma, Arjun
Kazandjian, Aniuska
Sarowar, Chowdhury
Harwood, D. Tim
Murray, J. Sam
Pargmann, Insa
Hoppenrath, Mona
Murray, Shauna A.
author_facet Verma, Arjun
Kazandjian, Aniuska
Sarowar, Chowdhury
Harwood, D. Tim
Murray, J. Sam
Pargmann, Insa
Hoppenrath, Mona
Murray, Shauna A.
author_sort Verma, Arjun
collection PubMed
description Approximately 70 species of Prorocentrum are known, of which around 30 species are associated with benthic habitats. Some produce okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin (DTX) and their derivatives, which are involved in diarrhetic shellfish poisoning. In this study, we isolated and characterized Prorocentrum concavum and P. malayense from Broome in north Western Australia using light and scanning electron microscopy as well as molecular sequences of large subunit regions of ribosomal DNA, marking the first record of these species from Australian waters. The morphology of the motile cells of P. malayense was similar to P. concavum in the light microscopy, but differed by the smooth thecal surface, the pore pattern and the production of mucous stalk-like structures and a hyaline sheath around the non-motile cells. P. malayense could also be differentiated from other closely related species, P. leve and P. foraminosum, despite the similarity in thecal surface and pore pattern, by its platelet formula and morphologies. We tested the production of OA and DTXs from both species, but found that they did not produce detectable levels of these toxins in the given culturing conditions. This study aids in establishing more effective monitoring of potential harmful algal taxa in Australian waters for aquaculture and recreational purposes.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6833055
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-68330552019-11-25 Morphology and Phylogenetics of Benthic Prorocentrum Species (Dinophyceae) from Tropical Northwestern Australia Verma, Arjun Kazandjian, Aniuska Sarowar, Chowdhury Harwood, D. Tim Murray, J. Sam Pargmann, Insa Hoppenrath, Mona Murray, Shauna A. Toxins (Basel) Article Approximately 70 species of Prorocentrum are known, of which around 30 species are associated with benthic habitats. Some produce okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin (DTX) and their derivatives, which are involved in diarrhetic shellfish poisoning. In this study, we isolated and characterized Prorocentrum concavum and P. malayense from Broome in north Western Australia using light and scanning electron microscopy as well as molecular sequences of large subunit regions of ribosomal DNA, marking the first record of these species from Australian waters. The morphology of the motile cells of P. malayense was similar to P. concavum in the light microscopy, but differed by the smooth thecal surface, the pore pattern and the production of mucous stalk-like structures and a hyaline sheath around the non-motile cells. P. malayense could also be differentiated from other closely related species, P. leve and P. foraminosum, despite the similarity in thecal surface and pore pattern, by its platelet formula and morphologies. We tested the production of OA and DTXs from both species, but found that they did not produce detectable levels of these toxins in the given culturing conditions. This study aids in establishing more effective monitoring of potential harmful algal taxa in Australian waters for aquaculture and recreational purposes. MDPI 2019-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6833055/ /pubmed/31574958 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11100571 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Verma, Arjun
Kazandjian, Aniuska
Sarowar, Chowdhury
Harwood, D. Tim
Murray, J. Sam
Pargmann, Insa
Hoppenrath, Mona
Murray, Shauna A.
Morphology and Phylogenetics of Benthic Prorocentrum Species (Dinophyceae) from Tropical Northwestern Australia
title Morphology and Phylogenetics of Benthic Prorocentrum Species (Dinophyceae) from Tropical Northwestern Australia
title_full Morphology and Phylogenetics of Benthic Prorocentrum Species (Dinophyceae) from Tropical Northwestern Australia
title_fullStr Morphology and Phylogenetics of Benthic Prorocentrum Species (Dinophyceae) from Tropical Northwestern Australia
title_full_unstemmed Morphology and Phylogenetics of Benthic Prorocentrum Species (Dinophyceae) from Tropical Northwestern Australia
title_short Morphology and Phylogenetics of Benthic Prorocentrum Species (Dinophyceae) from Tropical Northwestern Australia
title_sort morphology and phylogenetics of benthic prorocentrum species (dinophyceae) from tropical northwestern australia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6833055/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31574958
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11100571
work_keys_str_mv AT vermaarjun morphologyandphylogeneticsofbenthicprorocentrumspeciesdinophyceaefromtropicalnorthwesternaustralia
AT kazandjiananiuska morphologyandphylogeneticsofbenthicprorocentrumspeciesdinophyceaefromtropicalnorthwesternaustralia
AT sarowarchowdhury morphologyandphylogeneticsofbenthicprorocentrumspeciesdinophyceaefromtropicalnorthwesternaustralia
AT harwooddtim morphologyandphylogeneticsofbenthicprorocentrumspeciesdinophyceaefromtropicalnorthwesternaustralia
AT murrayjsam morphologyandphylogeneticsofbenthicprorocentrumspeciesdinophyceaefromtropicalnorthwesternaustralia
AT pargmanninsa morphologyandphylogeneticsofbenthicprorocentrumspeciesdinophyceaefromtropicalnorthwesternaustralia
AT hoppenrathmona morphologyandphylogeneticsofbenthicprorocentrumspeciesdinophyceaefromtropicalnorthwesternaustralia
AT murrayshaunaa morphologyandphylogeneticsofbenthicprorocentrumspeciesdinophyceaefromtropicalnorthwesternaustralia