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Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SI! Program for Health Promotion in Secondary Schools

Previous studies on the association between dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in adolescents have generated conflicting results. The aim of this study was to describe dietary patterns (DP) in a large sample of Spanish adolescents and to assess their cross-sectional relationship w...

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Autores principales: Bodega, Patricia, Fernández-Alvira, Juan Miguel, Santos-Beneit, Gloria, de Cos-Gandoy, Amaya, Fernández-Jiménez, Rodrigo, Moreno, Luis Alberto, de Miguel, Mercedes, Carral, Vanesa, Orrit, Xavier, Carvajal, Isabel, Storniolo, Carolina E., Tresserra-Rimbau, Anna, Doménech, Mónica, Estruch, Ramón, Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa María, Fuster, Valentín
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6835512/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31561533
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102297
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author Bodega, Patricia
Fernández-Alvira, Juan Miguel
Santos-Beneit, Gloria
de Cos-Gandoy, Amaya
Fernández-Jiménez, Rodrigo
Moreno, Luis Alberto
de Miguel, Mercedes
Carral, Vanesa
Orrit, Xavier
Carvajal, Isabel
Storniolo, Carolina E.
Tresserra-Rimbau, Anna
Doménech, Mónica
Estruch, Ramón
Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa María
Fuster, Valentín
author_facet Bodega, Patricia
Fernández-Alvira, Juan Miguel
Santos-Beneit, Gloria
de Cos-Gandoy, Amaya
Fernández-Jiménez, Rodrigo
Moreno, Luis Alberto
de Miguel, Mercedes
Carral, Vanesa
Orrit, Xavier
Carvajal, Isabel
Storniolo, Carolina E.
Tresserra-Rimbau, Anna
Doménech, Mónica
Estruch, Ramón
Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa María
Fuster, Valentín
author_sort Bodega, Patricia
collection PubMed
description Previous studies on the association between dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in adolescents have generated conflicting results. The aim of this study was to describe dietary patterns (DP) in a large sample of Spanish adolescents and to assess their cross-sectional relationship with CVRF. In total, 1324 adolescents aged 12.5 ± 0.4 years (51.6% boys) from 24 secondary schools completed a self-reported food frequency questionnaire. DPs were derived by cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, lipid profile, and glucose levels were assessed. Linear mixed models were applied to estimate the association between DPs and CVRF. Three DP-related clusters were obtained: Processed (29.2%); Traditional (39.1%); and Healthy (31.7%). Analogous patterns were obtained in the PCA. No overall differences in CVRF were observed between clusters except for z-BMI values, total cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol, with the Processed cluster showing the lowest mean values. However, differences were small. In conclusion, the overall association between DPs, as assessed by two different methods, and most analyzed CVRF was weak and not clinically relevant in a large sample of adolescents. Prospective analysis may help to disentangle the direction of these associations.
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spelling pubmed-68355122019-11-25 Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SI! Program for Health Promotion in Secondary Schools Bodega, Patricia Fernández-Alvira, Juan Miguel Santos-Beneit, Gloria de Cos-Gandoy, Amaya Fernández-Jiménez, Rodrigo Moreno, Luis Alberto de Miguel, Mercedes Carral, Vanesa Orrit, Xavier Carvajal, Isabel Storniolo, Carolina E. Tresserra-Rimbau, Anna Doménech, Mónica Estruch, Ramón Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa María Fuster, Valentín Nutrients Article Previous studies on the association between dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in adolescents have generated conflicting results. The aim of this study was to describe dietary patterns (DP) in a large sample of Spanish adolescents and to assess their cross-sectional relationship with CVRF. In total, 1324 adolescents aged 12.5 ± 0.4 years (51.6% boys) from 24 secondary schools completed a self-reported food frequency questionnaire. DPs were derived by cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, lipid profile, and glucose levels were assessed. Linear mixed models were applied to estimate the association between DPs and CVRF. Three DP-related clusters were obtained: Processed (29.2%); Traditional (39.1%); and Healthy (31.7%). Analogous patterns were obtained in the PCA. No overall differences in CVRF were observed between clusters except for z-BMI values, total cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol, with the Processed cluster showing the lowest mean values. However, differences were small. In conclusion, the overall association between DPs, as assessed by two different methods, and most analyzed CVRF was weak and not clinically relevant in a large sample of adolescents. Prospective analysis may help to disentangle the direction of these associations. MDPI 2019-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6835512/ /pubmed/31561533 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102297 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bodega, Patricia
Fernández-Alvira, Juan Miguel
Santos-Beneit, Gloria
de Cos-Gandoy, Amaya
Fernández-Jiménez, Rodrigo
Moreno, Luis Alberto
de Miguel, Mercedes
Carral, Vanesa
Orrit, Xavier
Carvajal, Isabel
Storniolo, Carolina E.
Tresserra-Rimbau, Anna
Doménech, Mónica
Estruch, Ramón
Lamuela-Raventós, Rosa María
Fuster, Valentín
Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SI! Program for Health Promotion in Secondary Schools
title Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SI! Program for Health Promotion in Secondary Schools
title_full Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SI! Program for Health Promotion in Secondary Schools
title_fullStr Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SI! Program for Health Promotion in Secondary Schools
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SI! Program for Health Promotion in Secondary Schools
title_short Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SI! Program for Health Promotion in Secondary Schools
title_sort dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors in spanish adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of the si! program for health promotion in secondary schools
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6835512/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31561533
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102297
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