Factores asociados al nivel de ansiedad y de conocimientos sobre puericultura y lactancia de embarazadas primerizas

OBJECTIVE: To know the level of anxiety and knowledge of childcare and lactation of the current pregnant women, and the clinical-demographic variables with which they are related. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Seven health centers of Area V (Asturias). PARTICIPANTS: First-time pregnant women who completed preparatory courses from 01.06.2015 to 31.10.2015, excluding multiple gestation, risk pregnancy, contraindicated breastfeeding and language problems. INTERVENTIONS: Sociodemographic variables questionnaire, STAI state anxiety questionnaire and 23 questions about childcare and lactation. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: We performed descriptive and multivariate analysis (program R) of the variables of the questionnaire. RESULTS: We captured 104 pregnant women; average age 34.2 (SD: 4.5), 94.2% Spanish, 61.5% university, 17.3% smokers in pregnancy, 23.1% with psychopathological antecedents; 88.4% planned to give breastfeeding. The mean STAI-S was 18.1 (SD: 7.4) and scored 4.5 (SD: 2.3) mean errors. The most faulty ones were on causes of fever (56.7%), fever measurement (54.8%) and physiological stools (55.7%). The multivariate analysis between knowledge and profile showed statistically significant associations with: being foreign, university, pregnancy planning and matron. In relation to the STAI-S was significant for being a smoker, receiving breastfeeding, psychopathological antecedents and matron. CONCLUSIONS: The current pregnant women who complete preparatory courses are mainly mature, university and Spanish. They have good concepts about breastfeeding but many are unaware of basic concepts of fever and stool of the infant. Foreign mothers with unwanted pregnancy and primary education seem to have more confusing concepts. Smoking mothers with psychopathological antecedents and who have not received breastfeeding present more anxiety. The matron significantly influences anxiety and acquired concepts.