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Are there multiple ways to direct attention in working memory?

In visual working memory tasks, memory for an item is enhanced if participants are told that the item is relatively more valuable than others presented within the same trial. Experiment 1 explored whether these probe value boosts (termed prioritization effects in previous literature) are affected by...

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Autores principales: Atkinson, Amy L., Berry, Ed D.J., Waterman, Amanda H., Baddeley, Alan D., Hitch, Graham J., Allen, Richard J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6849770/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29635690
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13634
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author Atkinson, Amy L.
Berry, Ed D.J.
Waterman, Amanda H.
Baddeley, Alan D.
Hitch, Graham J.
Allen, Richard J.
author_facet Atkinson, Amy L.
Berry, Ed D.J.
Waterman, Amanda H.
Baddeley, Alan D.
Hitch, Graham J.
Allen, Richard J.
author_sort Atkinson, Amy L.
collection PubMed
description In visual working memory tasks, memory for an item is enhanced if participants are told that the item is relatively more valuable than others presented within the same trial. Experiment 1 explored whether these probe value boosts (termed prioritization effects in previous literature) are affected by probe frequency (i.e., how often the more valuable item is tested). Participants were presented with four colored shapes sequentially and asked to recall the color of one probed item following a delay. They were informed that the first item was more valuable (differential probe value) or as valuable as the other items (equal probe value), and that this item would be tested more frequently (differential probe frequency) or as frequently (equal probe frequency) as the other items. Probe value and probe frequency boosts were observed at the first position, though both were accompanied by costs to other items. Probe value and probe frequency boosts were additive, suggesting the manipulations yield independent effects. Further supporting this, experiment 2 revealed that probe frequency boosts are not reliant on executive resources, directly contrasting with previous findings regarding probe value. Taken together, these outcomes suggest there may be several ways in which attention can be directed in working memory.
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spelling pubmed-68497702019-11-15 Are there multiple ways to direct attention in working memory? Atkinson, Amy L. Berry, Ed D.J. Waterman, Amanda H. Baddeley, Alan D. Hitch, Graham J. Allen, Richard J. Ann N Y Acad Sci Original Articles In visual working memory tasks, memory for an item is enhanced if participants are told that the item is relatively more valuable than others presented within the same trial. Experiment 1 explored whether these probe value boosts (termed prioritization effects in previous literature) are affected by probe frequency (i.e., how often the more valuable item is tested). Participants were presented with four colored shapes sequentially and asked to recall the color of one probed item following a delay. They were informed that the first item was more valuable (differential probe value) or as valuable as the other items (equal probe value), and that this item would be tested more frequently (differential probe frequency) or as frequently (equal probe frequency) as the other items. Probe value and probe frequency boosts were observed at the first position, though both were accompanied by costs to other items. Probe value and probe frequency boosts were additive, suggesting the manipulations yield independent effects. Further supporting this, experiment 2 revealed that probe frequency boosts are not reliant on executive resources, directly contrasting with previous findings regarding probe value. Taken together, these outcomes suggest there may be several ways in which attention can be directed in working memory. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-04-10 2018-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6849770/ /pubmed/29635690 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13634 Text en © 2018 The Authors. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of New York Academy of Sciences. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Atkinson, Amy L.
Berry, Ed D.J.
Waterman, Amanda H.
Baddeley, Alan D.
Hitch, Graham J.
Allen, Richard J.
Are there multiple ways to direct attention in working memory?
title Are there multiple ways to direct attention in working memory?
title_full Are there multiple ways to direct attention in working memory?
title_fullStr Are there multiple ways to direct attention in working memory?
title_full_unstemmed Are there multiple ways to direct attention in working memory?
title_short Are there multiple ways to direct attention in working memory?
title_sort are there multiple ways to direct attention in working memory?
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6849770/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29635690
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13634
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