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Stages of pregnancy and weaning influence the gut microbiota diversity and function in sows

AIMS: The gut microbiota is believed to play important roles in the health of pregnant mammals, including their nutrient metabolism, immune programming and metabolic regulation. However, until recently, the shifts in gut microbiota composition and faecal and blood metabolic activity during different...

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Autores principales: Ji, Y.J., Li, H., Xie, P.F., Li, Z.H., Li, H.W., Yin, Y.L., Blachier, F., Kong, X.F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6852164/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31237071
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.14344
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author Ji, Y.J.
Li, H.
Xie, P.F.
Li, Z.H.
Li, H.W.
Yin, Y.L.
Blachier, F.
Kong, X.F.
author_facet Ji, Y.J.
Li, H.
Xie, P.F.
Li, Z.H.
Li, H.W.
Yin, Y.L.
Blachier, F.
Kong, X.F.
author_sort Ji, Y.J.
collection PubMed
description AIMS: The gut microbiota is believed to play important roles in the health of pregnant mammals, including their nutrient metabolism, immune programming and metabolic regulation. However, until recently, the shifts in gut microbiota composition and faecal and blood metabolic activity during different stages of pregnancy had not been investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated the shifts in backfat thickness, plasma and faecal metabolites and gut microbiota on days 30, 60, 90 and 110 of pregnancy and on day 21 after parturition (weaning) in sows. The backfat thickness of sows did not significantly differ among the different stages of pregnancy. The plasma concentrations of lipid metabolites, including triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol and calcium were reduced (P < 0·05) during pregnancy. In addition, the concentration of these metabolites, except TG, reached their maximum at the time of weaning. We also found that Tenericutes, Fibrobacteres and Cyanobacteria varied significantly according to the stages of pregnancy in sows (P < 0·05). Most of the genera, such as Clostridiales, Desulfovibrio, Mogibacteriaceae and Prevotella, increased (P < 0·05) with the progression of pregnancy and decreased (P < 0·05) at weaning. The alpha diversity values (i.e., Shannon diversity and observed species) of sow gut microbiota increased (P < 0·05) from pregnancy to weaning. Pregnancy stages also significantly influenced (P < 0·05) the community structure (beta diversity) of gut microbiota. The progression of pregnancy was associated with changes in lipid metabolism and several carbohydrate‐degradation bacteria (i.e., Prevotella, Succinivibrio, Bacteroides and Parabacteroides). CONCLUSIONS: Although causal links between the measured parameters remain hypothetical, these findings suggest that the increased diversity and concentration of beneficial gut microbes are associated with the metabolism of pregnant sows. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Manipulation of the sow gut microbiota composition may potentially influence metabolism and health during pregnancy.
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spelling pubmed-68521642019-11-22 Stages of pregnancy and weaning influence the gut microbiota diversity and function in sows Ji, Y.J. Li, H. Xie, P.F. Li, Z.H. Li, H.W. Yin, Y.L. Blachier, F. Kong, X.F. J Appl Microbiol Original Articles AIMS: The gut microbiota is believed to play important roles in the health of pregnant mammals, including their nutrient metabolism, immune programming and metabolic regulation. However, until recently, the shifts in gut microbiota composition and faecal and blood metabolic activity during different stages of pregnancy had not been investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated the shifts in backfat thickness, plasma and faecal metabolites and gut microbiota on days 30, 60, 90 and 110 of pregnancy and on day 21 after parturition (weaning) in sows. The backfat thickness of sows did not significantly differ among the different stages of pregnancy. The plasma concentrations of lipid metabolites, including triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol and calcium were reduced (P < 0·05) during pregnancy. In addition, the concentration of these metabolites, except TG, reached their maximum at the time of weaning. We also found that Tenericutes, Fibrobacteres and Cyanobacteria varied significantly according to the stages of pregnancy in sows (P < 0·05). Most of the genera, such as Clostridiales, Desulfovibrio, Mogibacteriaceae and Prevotella, increased (P < 0·05) with the progression of pregnancy and decreased (P < 0·05) at weaning. The alpha diversity values (i.e., Shannon diversity and observed species) of sow gut microbiota increased (P < 0·05) from pregnancy to weaning. Pregnancy stages also significantly influenced (P < 0·05) the community structure (beta diversity) of gut microbiota. The progression of pregnancy was associated with changes in lipid metabolism and several carbohydrate‐degradation bacteria (i.e., Prevotella, Succinivibrio, Bacteroides and Parabacteroides). CONCLUSIONS: Although causal links between the measured parameters remain hypothetical, these findings suggest that the increased diversity and concentration of beneficial gut microbes are associated with the metabolism of pregnant sows. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Manipulation of the sow gut microbiota composition may potentially influence metabolism and health during pregnancy. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019-07-01 2019-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6852164/ /pubmed/31237071 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.14344 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Applied Microbiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Society for Applied Microbiology This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Ji, Y.J.
Li, H.
Xie, P.F.
Li, Z.H.
Li, H.W.
Yin, Y.L.
Blachier, F.
Kong, X.F.
Stages of pregnancy and weaning influence the gut microbiota diversity and function in sows
title Stages of pregnancy and weaning influence the gut microbiota diversity and function in sows
title_full Stages of pregnancy and weaning influence the gut microbiota diversity and function in sows
title_fullStr Stages of pregnancy and weaning influence the gut microbiota diversity and function in sows
title_full_unstemmed Stages of pregnancy and weaning influence the gut microbiota diversity and function in sows
title_short Stages of pregnancy and weaning influence the gut microbiota diversity and function in sows
title_sort stages of pregnancy and weaning influence the gut microbiota diversity and function in sows
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6852164/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31237071
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.14344
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