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Stem Cell Therapy for Preventing Neonatal Diseases in the 21(st) Century: Current Understanding and Challenges

Diseases of the preterm newborn such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, cerebral palsy, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy continue to be major causes of infant mortality and long-term morbidity. Effective therapies for the prevention or treatment for these conditions are sti...

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Autores principales: Nitkin, Christopher R., Rajasingh, Johnson, Pisano, Courtney, Besner, Gail E., Thébaud, Bernard, Sampath, Venkatesh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6854309/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31086355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-019-0425-5
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author Nitkin, Christopher R.
Rajasingh, Johnson
Pisano, Courtney
Besner, Gail E.
Thébaud, Bernard
Sampath, Venkatesh
author_facet Nitkin, Christopher R.
Rajasingh, Johnson
Pisano, Courtney
Besner, Gail E.
Thébaud, Bernard
Sampath, Venkatesh
author_sort Nitkin, Christopher R.
collection PubMed
description Diseases of the preterm newborn such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, cerebral palsy, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy continue to be major causes of infant mortality and long-term morbidity. Effective therapies for the prevention or treatment for these conditions are still lacking as recent clinical trials have shown modest or no benefit. Stem cell therapy is rapidly emerging as a novel therapeutic tool for several neonatal diseases with encouraging pre-clinical results that hold promise for clinical translation. However, there are a number of unanswered questions and facets to the development of stem cell therapy as a clinical intervention. There is much work to be done to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which stem cell therapy is effective (e.g., anti-inflammatory versus pro-angiogenic), identifying important paracrine mediators, and determining the timing and type of therapy (e.g., cellular versus secretomes), as well as patient characteristics that are ideal. Importantly, the interaction between stem cell therapy and current, standard-of-care interventions is nearly completely unknown. In this review, we will focus predominantly on the use of mesenchymal stromal cells for neonatal diseases, highlighting the promises and challenges in clinical translation towards preventing neonatal diseases in the 21(st) century.
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spelling pubmed-68543092020-01-24 Stem Cell Therapy for Preventing Neonatal Diseases in the 21(st) Century: Current Understanding and Challenges Nitkin, Christopher R. Rajasingh, Johnson Pisano, Courtney Besner, Gail E. Thébaud, Bernard Sampath, Venkatesh Pediatr Res Article Diseases of the preterm newborn such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, cerebral palsy, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy continue to be major causes of infant mortality and long-term morbidity. Effective therapies for the prevention or treatment for these conditions are still lacking as recent clinical trials have shown modest or no benefit. Stem cell therapy is rapidly emerging as a novel therapeutic tool for several neonatal diseases with encouraging pre-clinical results that hold promise for clinical translation. However, there are a number of unanswered questions and facets to the development of stem cell therapy as a clinical intervention. There is much work to be done to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which stem cell therapy is effective (e.g., anti-inflammatory versus pro-angiogenic), identifying important paracrine mediators, and determining the timing and type of therapy (e.g., cellular versus secretomes), as well as patient characteristics that are ideal. Importantly, the interaction between stem cell therapy and current, standard-of-care interventions is nearly completely unknown. In this review, we will focus predominantly on the use of mesenchymal stromal cells for neonatal diseases, highlighting the promises and challenges in clinical translation towards preventing neonatal diseases in the 21(st) century. 2019-05-14 2020-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6854309/ /pubmed/31086355 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-019-0425-5 Text en http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms
spellingShingle Article
Nitkin, Christopher R.
Rajasingh, Johnson
Pisano, Courtney
Besner, Gail E.
Thébaud, Bernard
Sampath, Venkatesh
Stem Cell Therapy for Preventing Neonatal Diseases in the 21(st) Century: Current Understanding and Challenges
title Stem Cell Therapy for Preventing Neonatal Diseases in the 21(st) Century: Current Understanding and Challenges
title_full Stem Cell Therapy for Preventing Neonatal Diseases in the 21(st) Century: Current Understanding and Challenges
title_fullStr Stem Cell Therapy for Preventing Neonatal Diseases in the 21(st) Century: Current Understanding and Challenges
title_full_unstemmed Stem Cell Therapy for Preventing Neonatal Diseases in the 21(st) Century: Current Understanding and Challenges
title_short Stem Cell Therapy for Preventing Neonatal Diseases in the 21(st) Century: Current Understanding and Challenges
title_sort stem cell therapy for preventing neonatal diseases in the 21(st) century: current understanding and challenges
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6854309/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31086355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-019-0425-5
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