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Sex‐specific changes in the aphid DNA methylation landscape

Aphids present an ideal system to study epigenetics as they can produce diverse, but genetically identical, morphs in response to environmental stimuli. Here, using whole genome bisulphite sequencing and transcriptome sequencing of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), we present the first detaile...

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Autores principales: Mathers, Thomas C., Mugford, Sam T., Percival‐Alwyn, Lawrence, Chen, Yazhou, Kaithakottil, Gemy, Swarbreck, David, Hogenhout, Saskia A., van Oosterhout, Cock
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6857007/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31472081
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.15216
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author Mathers, Thomas C.
Mugford, Sam T.
Percival‐Alwyn, Lawrence
Chen, Yazhou
Kaithakottil, Gemy
Swarbreck, David
Hogenhout, Saskia A.
van Oosterhout, Cock
author_facet Mathers, Thomas C.
Mugford, Sam T.
Percival‐Alwyn, Lawrence
Chen, Yazhou
Kaithakottil, Gemy
Swarbreck, David
Hogenhout, Saskia A.
van Oosterhout, Cock
author_sort Mathers, Thomas C.
collection PubMed
description Aphids present an ideal system to study epigenetics as they can produce diverse, but genetically identical, morphs in response to environmental stimuli. Here, using whole genome bisulphite sequencing and transcriptome sequencing of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), we present the first detailed analysis of cytosine methylation in an aphid and investigate differences in the methylation and transcriptional landscapes of male and asexual female morphs. We found that methylation primarily occurs in a CG dinucleotide (CpG) context and that exons are highly enriched for methylated CpGs, particularly at the 3′ end of genes. Methylation is positively associated with gene expression, and methylated genes are more stably expressed than unmethylated genes. Male and asexual female morphs have distinct methylation profiles. Strikingly, these profiles are divergent between the sex chromosome and the autosomes; autosomal genes are hypomethylated in males compared to asexual females, whereas genes belonging to the sex chromosome, which is haploid in males, are hypermethylated. Overall, we found correlated changes in methylation and gene expression between males and asexual females, and this correlation was particularly strong for genes located on the sex chromosome. Our results suggest that differential methylation of sex‐biased genes plays a role in aphid sexual differentiation.
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spelling pubmed-68570072019-11-21 Sex‐specific changes in the aphid DNA methylation landscape Mathers, Thomas C. Mugford, Sam T. Percival‐Alwyn, Lawrence Chen, Yazhou Kaithakottil, Gemy Swarbreck, David Hogenhout, Saskia A. van Oosterhout, Cock Mol Ecol ORIGINAL ARTICLES Aphids present an ideal system to study epigenetics as they can produce diverse, but genetically identical, morphs in response to environmental stimuli. Here, using whole genome bisulphite sequencing and transcriptome sequencing of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), we present the first detailed analysis of cytosine methylation in an aphid and investigate differences in the methylation and transcriptional landscapes of male and asexual female morphs. We found that methylation primarily occurs in a CG dinucleotide (CpG) context and that exons are highly enriched for methylated CpGs, particularly at the 3′ end of genes. Methylation is positively associated with gene expression, and methylated genes are more stably expressed than unmethylated genes. Male and asexual female morphs have distinct methylation profiles. Strikingly, these profiles are divergent between the sex chromosome and the autosomes; autosomal genes are hypomethylated in males compared to asexual females, whereas genes belonging to the sex chromosome, which is haploid in males, are hypermethylated. Overall, we found correlated changes in methylation and gene expression between males and asexual females, and this correlation was particularly strong for genes located on the sex chromosome. Our results suggest that differential methylation of sex‐biased genes plays a role in aphid sexual differentiation. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019-09-22 2019-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6857007/ /pubmed/31472081 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.15216 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Molecular Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Mathers, Thomas C.
Mugford, Sam T.
Percival‐Alwyn, Lawrence
Chen, Yazhou
Kaithakottil, Gemy
Swarbreck, David
Hogenhout, Saskia A.
van Oosterhout, Cock
Sex‐specific changes in the aphid DNA methylation landscape
title Sex‐specific changes in the aphid DNA methylation landscape
title_full Sex‐specific changes in the aphid DNA methylation landscape
title_fullStr Sex‐specific changes in the aphid DNA methylation landscape
title_full_unstemmed Sex‐specific changes in the aphid DNA methylation landscape
title_short Sex‐specific changes in the aphid DNA methylation landscape
title_sort sex‐specific changes in the aphid dna methylation landscape
topic ORIGINAL ARTICLES
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6857007/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31472081
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.15216
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