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Compact single-shot metalens depth sensors inspired by eyes of jumping spiders
Jumping spiders (Salticidae) rely on accurate depth perception for predation and navigation. They accomplish depth perception, despite their tiny brains, by using specialized optics. Each principal eye includes a multitiered retina that simultaneously receives multiple images with different amounts...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6859311/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31659026 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912154116 |
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author | Guo, Qi Shi, Zhujun Huang, Yao-Wei Alexander, Emma Qiu, Cheng-Wei Capasso, Federico Zickler, Todd |
author_facet | Guo, Qi Shi, Zhujun Huang, Yao-Wei Alexander, Emma Qiu, Cheng-Wei Capasso, Federico Zickler, Todd |
author_sort | Guo, Qi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Jumping spiders (Salticidae) rely on accurate depth perception for predation and navigation. They accomplish depth perception, despite their tiny brains, by using specialized optics. Each principal eye includes a multitiered retina that simultaneously receives multiple images with different amounts of defocus, and from these images, distance is decoded with relatively little computation. We introduce a compact depth sensor that is inspired by the jumping spider. It combines metalens optics, which modifies the phase of incident light at a subwavelength scale, with efficient computations to measure depth from image defocus. Instead of using a multitiered retina to transduce multiple simultaneous images, the sensor uses a metalens to split the light that passes through an aperture and concurrently form 2 differently defocused images at distinct regions of a single planar photosensor. We demonstrate a system that deploys a 3-mm-diameter metalens to measure depth over a 10-cm distance range, using fewer than 700 floating point operations per output pixel. Compared with previous passive depth sensors, our metalens depth sensor is compact, single-shot, and requires a small amount of computation. This integration of nanophotonics and efficient computation brings artificial depth sensing closer to being feasible on millimeter-scale, microwatts platforms such as microrobots and microsensor networks. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6859311 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68593112019-11-21 Compact single-shot metalens depth sensors inspired by eyes of jumping spiders Guo, Qi Shi, Zhujun Huang, Yao-Wei Alexander, Emma Qiu, Cheng-Wei Capasso, Federico Zickler, Todd Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Physical Sciences Jumping spiders (Salticidae) rely on accurate depth perception for predation and navigation. They accomplish depth perception, despite their tiny brains, by using specialized optics. Each principal eye includes a multitiered retina that simultaneously receives multiple images with different amounts of defocus, and from these images, distance is decoded with relatively little computation. We introduce a compact depth sensor that is inspired by the jumping spider. It combines metalens optics, which modifies the phase of incident light at a subwavelength scale, with efficient computations to measure depth from image defocus. Instead of using a multitiered retina to transduce multiple simultaneous images, the sensor uses a metalens to split the light that passes through an aperture and concurrently form 2 differently defocused images at distinct regions of a single planar photosensor. We demonstrate a system that deploys a 3-mm-diameter metalens to measure depth over a 10-cm distance range, using fewer than 700 floating point operations per output pixel. Compared with previous passive depth sensors, our metalens depth sensor is compact, single-shot, and requires a small amount of computation. This integration of nanophotonics and efficient computation brings artificial depth sensing closer to being feasible on millimeter-scale, microwatts platforms such as microrobots and microsensor networks. National Academy of Sciences 2019-11-12 2019-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6859311/ /pubmed/31659026 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912154116 Text en Copyright © 2019 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Physical Sciences Guo, Qi Shi, Zhujun Huang, Yao-Wei Alexander, Emma Qiu, Cheng-Wei Capasso, Federico Zickler, Todd Compact single-shot metalens depth sensors inspired by eyes of jumping spiders |
title | Compact single-shot metalens depth sensors inspired by eyes of jumping spiders |
title_full | Compact single-shot metalens depth sensors inspired by eyes of jumping spiders |
title_fullStr | Compact single-shot metalens depth sensors inspired by eyes of jumping spiders |
title_full_unstemmed | Compact single-shot metalens depth sensors inspired by eyes of jumping spiders |
title_short | Compact single-shot metalens depth sensors inspired by eyes of jumping spiders |
title_sort | compact single-shot metalens depth sensors inspired by eyes of jumping spiders |
topic | Physical Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6859311/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31659026 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912154116 |
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