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“Photobiomics”: Can Light, Including Photobiomodulation, Alter the Microbiome?
Objective: The objective of this review is to consider the dual effects of microbiome and photobiomodulation (PBM) on human health and to suggest a relationship between these two as a novel mechanism. Background: PBM describes the use of low levels of visible or near-infrared (NIR) light to heal and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6859693/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31596658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/photob.2019.4628 |
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author | Liebert, Ann Bicknell, Brian Johnstone, Daniel M. Gordon, Luke C. Kiat, Hosen Hamblin, Michael R. |
author_facet | Liebert, Ann Bicknell, Brian Johnstone, Daniel M. Gordon, Luke C. Kiat, Hosen Hamblin, Michael R. |
author_sort | Liebert, Ann |
collection | PubMed |
description | Objective: The objective of this review is to consider the dual effects of microbiome and photobiomodulation (PBM) on human health and to suggest a relationship between these two as a novel mechanism. Background: PBM describes the use of low levels of visible or near-infrared (NIR) light to heal and stimulate tissue, and to relieve pain and inflammation. In recent years, PBM has been applied to the head as an investigative approach to treat diverse brain diseases such as stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and psychiatric disorders. Also, in recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the total microbial population that colonizes the human body, chiefly in the gut and the mouth, called the microbiome. It is known that the composition and health of the gut microbiome affects many diseases related to metabolism, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, autoimmunity, and even brain disorders. Materials and methods: A literature search was conducted for published reports on the effect of light on the microbiome. Results: Recent work by our research group has demonstrated that PBM (red and NIR light) delivered to the abdomen in mice, can alter the gut microbiome in a potentially beneficial way. This has also now been demonstrated in human subjects. Conclusions: In consideration of the known effects of PBM on metabolomics, and the now demonstrated effects of PBM on the microbiome, as well as other effects of light on the microbiome, including modulating circadian rhythms, the present perspective introduces a new term “photobiomics” and looks forward to the application of PBM to influence the microbiome in humans. Some mechanisms by which this phenomenon might occur are considered. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6859693 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68596932019-11-18 “Photobiomics”: Can Light, Including Photobiomodulation, Alter the Microbiome? Liebert, Ann Bicknell, Brian Johnstone, Daniel M. Gordon, Luke C. Kiat, Hosen Hamblin, Michael R. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg Photobiomodulation—Reviews Objective: The objective of this review is to consider the dual effects of microbiome and photobiomodulation (PBM) on human health and to suggest a relationship between these two as a novel mechanism. Background: PBM describes the use of low levels of visible or near-infrared (NIR) light to heal and stimulate tissue, and to relieve pain and inflammation. In recent years, PBM has been applied to the head as an investigative approach to treat diverse brain diseases such as stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and psychiatric disorders. Also, in recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the total microbial population that colonizes the human body, chiefly in the gut and the mouth, called the microbiome. It is known that the composition and health of the gut microbiome affects many diseases related to metabolism, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, autoimmunity, and even brain disorders. Materials and methods: A literature search was conducted for published reports on the effect of light on the microbiome. Results: Recent work by our research group has demonstrated that PBM (red and NIR light) delivered to the abdomen in mice, can alter the gut microbiome in a potentially beneficial way. This has also now been demonstrated in human subjects. Conclusions: In consideration of the known effects of PBM on metabolomics, and the now demonstrated effects of PBM on the microbiome, as well as other effects of light on the microbiome, including modulating circadian rhythms, the present perspective introduces a new term “photobiomics” and looks forward to the application of PBM to influence the microbiome in humans. Some mechanisms by which this phenomenon might occur are considered. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2019-11-01 2019-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6859693/ /pubmed/31596658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/photob.2019.4628 Text en © Ann Liebert, et al., 2019; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Photobiomodulation—Reviews Liebert, Ann Bicknell, Brian Johnstone, Daniel M. Gordon, Luke C. Kiat, Hosen Hamblin, Michael R. “Photobiomics”: Can Light, Including Photobiomodulation, Alter the Microbiome? |
title | “Photobiomics”: Can Light, Including Photobiomodulation, Alter the Microbiome? |
title_full | “Photobiomics”: Can Light, Including Photobiomodulation, Alter the Microbiome? |
title_fullStr | “Photobiomics”: Can Light, Including Photobiomodulation, Alter the Microbiome? |
title_full_unstemmed | “Photobiomics”: Can Light, Including Photobiomodulation, Alter the Microbiome? |
title_short | “Photobiomics”: Can Light, Including Photobiomodulation, Alter the Microbiome? |
title_sort | “photobiomics”: can light, including photobiomodulation, alter the microbiome? |
topic | Photobiomodulation—Reviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6859693/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31596658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/photob.2019.4628 |
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