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Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes: New Insights into the World of Human Complex Transcripts in Cancer

The awareness of genome complexity brought a radical approach to the study of transcriptome, opening eyes to single RNAs generated from two or more adjacent genes according to the present consensus. This kind of transcript was thought to originate only from chromosomal rearrangements, but the discov...

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Autores principales: Barresi, Vincenza, Cosentini, Ilaria, Scuderi, Chiara, Napoli, Salvatore, Di Bella, Virginia, Spampinato, Giorgia, Condorelli, Daniele Filippo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6862657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31652751
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215252
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author Barresi, Vincenza
Cosentini, Ilaria
Scuderi, Chiara
Napoli, Salvatore
Di Bella, Virginia
Spampinato, Giorgia
Condorelli, Daniele Filippo
author_facet Barresi, Vincenza
Cosentini, Ilaria
Scuderi, Chiara
Napoli, Salvatore
Di Bella, Virginia
Spampinato, Giorgia
Condorelli, Daniele Filippo
author_sort Barresi, Vincenza
collection PubMed
description The awareness of genome complexity brought a radical approach to the study of transcriptome, opening eyes to single RNAs generated from two or more adjacent genes according to the present consensus. This kind of transcript was thought to originate only from chromosomal rearrangements, but the discovery of readthrough transcription opens the doors to a new world of fusion RNAs. In the last years many possible intergenic cis-splicing mechanisms have been proposed, unveiling the origins of transcripts that contain some exons of both the upstream and downstream genes. In some cases, alternative mechanisms, such as trans-splicing and transcriptional slippage, have been proposed. Five databases, containing validated and predicted Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes (FuTAGs), are available for the scientific community. A comparative analysis revealed that two of them contain the majority of the results. A complete analysis of the more widely characterized FuTAGs is provided in this review, including their expression pattern in normal tissues and in cancer. Gene structure, intergenic splicing patterns and exon junction sequences have been determined and here reported for well-characterized FuTAGs. The available functional data and the possible roles in cancer progression are discussed.
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spelling pubmed-68626572019-12-05 Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes: New Insights into the World of Human Complex Transcripts in Cancer Barresi, Vincenza Cosentini, Ilaria Scuderi, Chiara Napoli, Salvatore Di Bella, Virginia Spampinato, Giorgia Condorelli, Daniele Filippo Int J Mol Sci Review The awareness of genome complexity brought a radical approach to the study of transcriptome, opening eyes to single RNAs generated from two or more adjacent genes according to the present consensus. This kind of transcript was thought to originate only from chromosomal rearrangements, but the discovery of readthrough transcription opens the doors to a new world of fusion RNAs. In the last years many possible intergenic cis-splicing mechanisms have been proposed, unveiling the origins of transcripts that contain some exons of both the upstream and downstream genes. In some cases, alternative mechanisms, such as trans-splicing and transcriptional slippage, have been proposed. Five databases, containing validated and predicted Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes (FuTAGs), are available for the scientific community. A comparative analysis revealed that two of them contain the majority of the results. A complete analysis of the more widely characterized FuTAGs is provided in this review, including their expression pattern in normal tissues and in cancer. Gene structure, intergenic splicing patterns and exon junction sequences have been determined and here reported for well-characterized FuTAGs. The available functional data and the possible roles in cancer progression are discussed. MDPI 2019-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6862657/ /pubmed/31652751 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215252 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Barresi, Vincenza
Cosentini, Ilaria
Scuderi, Chiara
Napoli, Salvatore
Di Bella, Virginia
Spampinato, Giorgia
Condorelli, Daniele Filippo
Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes: New Insights into the World of Human Complex Transcripts in Cancer
title Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes: New Insights into the World of Human Complex Transcripts in Cancer
title_full Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes: New Insights into the World of Human Complex Transcripts in Cancer
title_fullStr Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes: New Insights into the World of Human Complex Transcripts in Cancer
title_full_unstemmed Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes: New Insights into the World of Human Complex Transcripts in Cancer
title_short Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes: New Insights into the World of Human Complex Transcripts in Cancer
title_sort fusion transcripts of adjacent genes: new insights into the world of human complex transcripts in cancer
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6862657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31652751
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215252
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