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Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a paroxysmal gait disorder that often occurs at advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). FOG consists of abrupt walking interruption and severe difficulty in locomotion with an increased risk of falling. Pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning FOG in PD are stil...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6864177/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31795038 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102059 |
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author | Bharti, Komal Suppa, Antonio Tommasin, Silvia Zampogna, Alessandro Pietracupa, Sara Berardelli, Alfredo Pantano, Patrizia |
author_facet | Bharti, Komal Suppa, Antonio Tommasin, Silvia Zampogna, Alessandro Pietracupa, Sara Berardelli, Alfredo Pantano, Patrizia |
author_sort | Bharti, Komal |
collection | PubMed |
description | Freezing of gait (FOG) is a paroxysmal gait disorder that often occurs at advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). FOG consists of abrupt walking interruption and severe difficulty in locomotion with an increased risk of falling. Pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning FOG in PD are still unclear. However, advanced MRI and nuclear medicine studies have gained relevant insights into the pathophysiology of FOG in PD. Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated structural and functional abnormalities in a number of cortical and subcortical brain regions in PD patients with FOG. In this paper, we systematically review existing neuroimaging literature on the structural and functional brain changes described in PD patients with FOG, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We evaluate previous studies using various MRI techniques to estimate grey matter loss and white matter degeneration. Moreover, we review functional brain changes by examining functional MRI and nuclear medicine imaging studies. The current review provides up-to-date knowledge in this field and summarizes the possible mechanisms responsible for FOG in PD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6864177 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68641772019-11-22 Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review Bharti, Komal Suppa, Antonio Tommasin, Silvia Zampogna, Alessandro Pietracupa, Sara Berardelli, Alfredo Pantano, Patrizia Neuroimage Clin Review Article Freezing of gait (FOG) is a paroxysmal gait disorder that often occurs at advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). FOG consists of abrupt walking interruption and severe difficulty in locomotion with an increased risk of falling. Pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning FOG in PD are still unclear. However, advanced MRI and nuclear medicine studies have gained relevant insights into the pathophysiology of FOG in PD. Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated structural and functional abnormalities in a number of cortical and subcortical brain regions in PD patients with FOG. In this paper, we systematically review existing neuroimaging literature on the structural and functional brain changes described in PD patients with FOG, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We evaluate previous studies using various MRI techniques to estimate grey matter loss and white matter degeneration. Moreover, we review functional brain changes by examining functional MRI and nuclear medicine imaging studies. The current review provides up-to-date knowledge in this field and summarizes the possible mechanisms responsible for FOG in PD. Elsevier 2019-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6864177/ /pubmed/31795038 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102059 Text en © 2019 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Article Bharti, Komal Suppa, Antonio Tommasin, Silvia Zampogna, Alessandro Pietracupa, Sara Berardelli, Alfredo Pantano, Patrizia Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review |
title | Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review |
title_full | Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review |
title_fullStr | Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review |
title_full_unstemmed | Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review |
title_short | Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review |
title_sort | neuroimaging advances in parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: a systematic review |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6864177/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31795038 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102059 |
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