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Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a paroxysmal gait disorder that often occurs at advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). FOG consists of abrupt walking interruption and severe difficulty in locomotion with an increased risk of falling. Pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning FOG in PD are stil...

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Autores principales: Bharti, Komal, Suppa, Antonio, Tommasin, Silvia, Zampogna, Alessandro, Pietracupa, Sara, Berardelli, Alfredo, Pantano, Patrizia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6864177/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31795038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102059
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author Bharti, Komal
Suppa, Antonio
Tommasin, Silvia
Zampogna, Alessandro
Pietracupa, Sara
Berardelli, Alfredo
Pantano, Patrizia
author_facet Bharti, Komal
Suppa, Antonio
Tommasin, Silvia
Zampogna, Alessandro
Pietracupa, Sara
Berardelli, Alfredo
Pantano, Patrizia
author_sort Bharti, Komal
collection PubMed
description Freezing of gait (FOG) is a paroxysmal gait disorder that often occurs at advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). FOG consists of abrupt walking interruption and severe difficulty in locomotion with an increased risk of falling. Pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning FOG in PD are still unclear. However, advanced MRI and nuclear medicine studies have gained relevant insights into the pathophysiology of FOG in PD. Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated structural and functional abnormalities in a number of cortical and subcortical brain regions in PD patients with FOG. In this paper, we systematically review existing neuroimaging literature on the structural and functional brain changes described in PD patients with FOG, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We evaluate previous studies using various MRI techniques to estimate grey matter loss and white matter degeneration. Moreover, we review functional brain changes by examining functional MRI and nuclear medicine imaging studies. The current review provides up-to-date knowledge in this field and summarizes the possible mechanisms responsible for FOG in PD.
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spelling pubmed-68641772019-11-22 Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review Bharti, Komal Suppa, Antonio Tommasin, Silvia Zampogna, Alessandro Pietracupa, Sara Berardelli, Alfredo Pantano, Patrizia Neuroimage Clin Review Article Freezing of gait (FOG) is a paroxysmal gait disorder that often occurs at advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). FOG consists of abrupt walking interruption and severe difficulty in locomotion with an increased risk of falling. Pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning FOG in PD are still unclear. However, advanced MRI and nuclear medicine studies have gained relevant insights into the pathophysiology of FOG in PD. Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated structural and functional abnormalities in a number of cortical and subcortical brain regions in PD patients with FOG. In this paper, we systematically review existing neuroimaging literature on the structural and functional brain changes described in PD patients with FOG, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We evaluate previous studies using various MRI techniques to estimate grey matter loss and white matter degeneration. Moreover, we review functional brain changes by examining functional MRI and nuclear medicine imaging studies. The current review provides up-to-date knowledge in this field and summarizes the possible mechanisms responsible for FOG in PD. Elsevier 2019-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6864177/ /pubmed/31795038 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102059 Text en © 2019 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review Article
Bharti, Komal
Suppa, Antonio
Tommasin, Silvia
Zampogna, Alessandro
Pietracupa, Sara
Berardelli, Alfredo
Pantano, Patrizia
Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review
title Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review
title_full Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review
title_fullStr Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review
title_short Neuroimaging advances in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: A systematic review
title_sort neuroimaging advances in parkinson's disease with freezing of gait: a systematic review
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6864177/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31795038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102059
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