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Exploring the Phytochemical Landscape of the Early-Diverging Flowering Plant Amborella trichopoda Baill.

Although the evolutionary significance of the early-diverging flowering plant Amborella (Amborella trichopoda Baill.) is widely recognized, its metabolic landscape, particularly specialized metabolites, is currently underexplored. In this work, we analyzed the metabolomes of Amborella tissues using...

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Autores principales: Wu, Sheng, Wilson, Alexander E., Chang, Lijing, Tian, Li
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6864642/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31652707
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213814
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author Wu, Sheng
Wilson, Alexander E.
Chang, Lijing
Tian, Li
author_facet Wu, Sheng
Wilson, Alexander E.
Chang, Lijing
Tian, Li
author_sort Wu, Sheng
collection PubMed
description Although the evolutionary significance of the early-diverging flowering plant Amborella (Amborella trichopoda Baill.) is widely recognized, its metabolic landscape, particularly specialized metabolites, is currently underexplored. In this work, we analyzed the metabolomes of Amborella tissues using liquid chromatography high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-HR-ESI-MS). By matching the mass spectra of Amborella metabolites with those of authentic phytochemical standards in the publicly accessible libraries, 63, 39, and 21 compounds were tentatively identified in leaves, stems, and roots, respectively. Free amino acids, organic acids, simple sugars, cofactors, as well as abundant glycosylated and/or methylated phenolic specialized metabolites were observed in Amborella leaves. Diverse metabolites were also detected in stems and roots, including those that were not identified in leaves. To understand the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites with glycosyl and methyl modifications, families of small molecule UDP-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) and O-methyltransferases (OMTs) were identified in the Amborella genome and the InterPro database based on conserved functional domains. Of the 17 phylogenetic groups of plant UGTs (A–Q) defined to date, Amborella UGTs are absent from groups B, N, and P, but they are highly abundant in group L. Among the 25 Amborella OMTs, 7 cluster with caffeoyl-coenzyme A (CCoA) OMTs involved in lignin and phenolic metabolism, whereas 18 form a clade with plant OMTs that methylate hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, or alkaloids. Overall, this first report of metabolomes and candidate metabolic genes in Amborella provides a starting point to a better understanding of specialized metabolites and biosynthetic enzymes in this basal lineage of flowering plants.
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spelling pubmed-68646422019-12-23 Exploring the Phytochemical Landscape of the Early-Diverging Flowering Plant Amborella trichopoda Baill. Wu, Sheng Wilson, Alexander E. Chang, Lijing Tian, Li Molecules Article Although the evolutionary significance of the early-diverging flowering plant Amborella (Amborella trichopoda Baill.) is widely recognized, its metabolic landscape, particularly specialized metabolites, is currently underexplored. In this work, we analyzed the metabolomes of Amborella tissues using liquid chromatography high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-HR-ESI-MS). By matching the mass spectra of Amborella metabolites with those of authentic phytochemical standards in the publicly accessible libraries, 63, 39, and 21 compounds were tentatively identified in leaves, stems, and roots, respectively. Free amino acids, organic acids, simple sugars, cofactors, as well as abundant glycosylated and/or methylated phenolic specialized metabolites were observed in Amborella leaves. Diverse metabolites were also detected in stems and roots, including those that were not identified in leaves. To understand the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites with glycosyl and methyl modifications, families of small molecule UDP-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) and O-methyltransferases (OMTs) were identified in the Amborella genome and the InterPro database based on conserved functional domains. Of the 17 phylogenetic groups of plant UGTs (A–Q) defined to date, Amborella UGTs are absent from groups B, N, and P, but they are highly abundant in group L. Among the 25 Amborella OMTs, 7 cluster with caffeoyl-coenzyme A (CCoA) OMTs involved in lignin and phenolic metabolism, whereas 18 form a clade with plant OMTs that methylate hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, or alkaloids. Overall, this first report of metabolomes and candidate metabolic genes in Amborella provides a starting point to a better understanding of specialized metabolites and biosynthetic enzymes in this basal lineage of flowering plants. MDPI 2019-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6864642/ /pubmed/31652707 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213814 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Wu, Sheng
Wilson, Alexander E.
Chang, Lijing
Tian, Li
Exploring the Phytochemical Landscape of the Early-Diverging Flowering Plant Amborella trichopoda Baill.
title Exploring the Phytochemical Landscape of the Early-Diverging Flowering Plant Amborella trichopoda Baill.
title_full Exploring the Phytochemical Landscape of the Early-Diverging Flowering Plant Amborella trichopoda Baill.
title_fullStr Exploring the Phytochemical Landscape of the Early-Diverging Flowering Plant Amborella trichopoda Baill.
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the Phytochemical Landscape of the Early-Diverging Flowering Plant Amborella trichopoda Baill.
title_short Exploring the Phytochemical Landscape of the Early-Diverging Flowering Plant Amborella trichopoda Baill.
title_sort exploring the phytochemical landscape of the early-diverging flowering plant amborella trichopoda baill.
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6864642/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31652707
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213814
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