Integrative Korean medicine treatment for temporomandibular joint disorder-induced dysphagia leading to aspiration pneumonia: A case report (CARE-compliant)

INTRODUCTION: Severe temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) could induce dysphagia, which could lead to aspiration pneumonia. However, no clinical study has reported that TMD-related dysphagia could result in aspiration pneumonia. Integrative Korean medicine (KM) is suggested to be an effective treatment for patients with severe TMD. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 76-year-old female could not open her mouth because of TMD and subsequently experienced dysphagia. To clearly identify the cause of dysphagia and to treat the symptoms, she was admitted to the neurology department. However, she eventually developed aspiration pneumonia. Despite the inpatient treatment and even after pneumonia was cured, TMD symptoms and dysphagia persisted. DIAGNOSIS: Based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) and the magnetic resonance imaging findings, the patient was diagnosed as having severe TMD with disc displacement without reduction and with limited opening. INTERVENTIONS: Integrative KM treatment, including acupuncture, herbal acupuncture, cupping therapy, Chuna manual therapy, and herbal medicine, was performed during the admission period (23 days). OUTCOMES: The following clinical improvements were detected: maximal unassisted opening from 8 to 28 mm, right lateral movement from 3 to 11 mm, left lateral movement from 10 to 15 mm, and protrusion movement from 5 to 7 mm. Dysphagia disappeared when the TMD symptoms improved. CONCLUSION: Patients with severe TMD might experience dysphagia, which could lead to aspiration pneumonia. Symptoms of severe TMD could be treated with integrative KM treatment.