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Oxidative Stress, Lipid Peroxidation, and Loss of Hyaluronic Acid in the Human Vitreous Affected by Synchysis Scintillans

The aim of this study was to assess the oxidative stress status in eyes affected by synchysis scintillans and to compare it to vitreoretinal disorders without synchysis scintillans. Human aqueous and vitreous humors were obtained during vitrectomy from thirty-seven otherwise healthy patients that we...

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Autores principales: Bergandi, Loredana, Skorokhod, Oleksii A, La Grotta, Rosalba, Schwarzer, Evelin, Nuzzi, Raffaele
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6875268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31781380
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7231015
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author Bergandi, Loredana
Skorokhod, Oleksii A
La Grotta, Rosalba
Schwarzer, Evelin
Nuzzi, Raffaele
author_facet Bergandi, Loredana
Skorokhod, Oleksii A
La Grotta, Rosalba
Schwarzer, Evelin
Nuzzi, Raffaele
author_sort Bergandi, Loredana
collection PubMed
description The aim of this study was to assess the oxidative stress status in eyes affected by synchysis scintillans and to compare it to vitreoretinal disorders without synchysis scintillans. Human aqueous and vitreous humors were obtained during vitrectomy from thirty-seven otherwise healthy patients that were randomly chosen among patients that had to undergo a 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy from the central vitreous cavity, for either synchysis scintillans (n = 16) or vitreoretinal disorders without synchysis scintillans (n = 21), such as idiopathic epimacular membrane (n = 12), macular hole (n = 5), or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (n = 4). The redox parameters thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), a measurement of lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration, an estimate of nitric oxide (NO) production, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE)-protein conjugates, a structural protein modification by lipid peroxidation product 4-HNE, and the antioxidative activities of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase were measured in aqueous and vitreous humors and compared between synchysis scintillans affected and not-affected patients. TBARS and nitrite levels of the vitreous humor were significantly higher in patients with synchysis scintillans as compared to patients affected by vitreoretinal disorders without synchysis scintillans. Synchysis scintillans patients had significantly lower activities of SOD and catalase both in aqueous and vitreous humors than patients with vitreoretinal disorders without synchysis. The consequently higher lipoperoxide-dependent 4-HNE production in synchysis scintillans was detectable in aqueous and vitreous humors as a significant increased accumulation of 4-HNE-protein conjugates vs nonsynchysis vitreoretinal disorders. Additionally, hyaluronic acid (HA) was significantly decreased in the vitreous body of synchysis scintillans patients. The data consistently show that synchisis scintillans is accompanied by a redox imbalance with increased oxidative modifications of 4-HNE proteins and loss of HA, both of likely importance for remote damages of the retina. It remains to be proven whether a therapeutic strategy which targets oxidative stress may be effective in the treatment of synchysis patients.
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spelling pubmed-68752682019-11-28 Oxidative Stress, Lipid Peroxidation, and Loss of Hyaluronic Acid in the Human Vitreous Affected by Synchysis Scintillans Bergandi, Loredana Skorokhod, Oleksii A La Grotta, Rosalba Schwarzer, Evelin Nuzzi, Raffaele J Ophthalmol Research Article The aim of this study was to assess the oxidative stress status in eyes affected by synchysis scintillans and to compare it to vitreoretinal disorders without synchysis scintillans. Human aqueous and vitreous humors were obtained during vitrectomy from thirty-seven otherwise healthy patients that were randomly chosen among patients that had to undergo a 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy from the central vitreous cavity, for either synchysis scintillans (n = 16) or vitreoretinal disorders without synchysis scintillans (n = 21), such as idiopathic epimacular membrane (n = 12), macular hole (n = 5), or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (n = 4). The redox parameters thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), a measurement of lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration, an estimate of nitric oxide (NO) production, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE)-protein conjugates, a structural protein modification by lipid peroxidation product 4-HNE, and the antioxidative activities of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase were measured in aqueous and vitreous humors and compared between synchysis scintillans affected and not-affected patients. TBARS and nitrite levels of the vitreous humor were significantly higher in patients with synchysis scintillans as compared to patients affected by vitreoretinal disorders without synchysis scintillans. Synchysis scintillans patients had significantly lower activities of SOD and catalase both in aqueous and vitreous humors than patients with vitreoretinal disorders without synchysis. The consequently higher lipoperoxide-dependent 4-HNE production in synchysis scintillans was detectable in aqueous and vitreous humors as a significant increased accumulation of 4-HNE-protein conjugates vs nonsynchysis vitreoretinal disorders. Additionally, hyaluronic acid (HA) was significantly decreased in the vitreous body of synchysis scintillans patients. The data consistently show that synchisis scintillans is accompanied by a redox imbalance with increased oxidative modifications of 4-HNE proteins and loss of HA, both of likely importance for remote damages of the retina. It remains to be proven whether a therapeutic strategy which targets oxidative stress may be effective in the treatment of synchysis patients. Hindawi 2019-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6875268/ /pubmed/31781380 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7231015 Text en Copyright © 2019 Loredana Bergandi et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Bergandi, Loredana
Skorokhod, Oleksii A
La Grotta, Rosalba
Schwarzer, Evelin
Nuzzi, Raffaele
Oxidative Stress, Lipid Peroxidation, and Loss of Hyaluronic Acid in the Human Vitreous Affected by Synchysis Scintillans
title Oxidative Stress, Lipid Peroxidation, and Loss of Hyaluronic Acid in the Human Vitreous Affected by Synchysis Scintillans
title_full Oxidative Stress, Lipid Peroxidation, and Loss of Hyaluronic Acid in the Human Vitreous Affected by Synchysis Scintillans
title_fullStr Oxidative Stress, Lipid Peroxidation, and Loss of Hyaluronic Acid in the Human Vitreous Affected by Synchysis Scintillans
title_full_unstemmed Oxidative Stress, Lipid Peroxidation, and Loss of Hyaluronic Acid in the Human Vitreous Affected by Synchysis Scintillans
title_short Oxidative Stress, Lipid Peroxidation, and Loss of Hyaluronic Acid in the Human Vitreous Affected by Synchysis Scintillans
title_sort oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and loss of hyaluronic acid in the human vitreous affected by synchysis scintillans
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6875268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31781380
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7231015
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